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Dynamic vegetation highlights first-order climate feedbacks and their dependence on the climate mean state.

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Title: Dynamic vegetation highlights first-order climate feedbacks and their dependence on the climate mean state.
Authors: Braconnot, Pascale1 (AUTHOR) pascale.braconnot@lsce.ipsl.fr, Viovy, Nicolas1 (AUTHOR), Marti, Olivier1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Earth System Dynamics. 2025, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p2113-2136. 24p.
Subjects: Climate feedbacks, Albedo, Vegetation dynamics, Holocene Epoch, Humidity, Atmospheric models
Geographic Terms: Northern Hemisphere, Sahara
Abstract: We investigate how first-order albedo and water vapor radiative feedbacks are triggered by climate-vegetation interactions using mid-Holocene and pre-industrial climate simulations. The mid Holocene greening of the Sahara and northward shift of the northern tree line in the Northern Hemisphere illustrate these climate-vegetation interactions and challenge the development of Earth System models. We consider four different configurations for the IPSL Earth System model with dynamical vegetation to quantify vegetation and radiative feedbacks. They combine different parameterizations of key factors controlling vegetation functioning: bare soil evaporation, photosynthesis and associated parameters, and tree mortality. Whatever the model setup, the major differences between the mid-Holocene and pre-industrial climates are consistent with climate and vegetation reconstructions from pollen records. However, model setup differences modulate the way in which vegetation-climate interactions trigger first-order radiative surface albedo and water vapour feedbacks. Cascading effects involve both local snow-vegetation interactions and remote water vapour and long-wave radiative feedbacks. We show that the parameterization of bare soil evaporation is a key factor that controls tree growth in mid and high latitudes. Photosynthesis parameterization appears to be critical in controlling the seasonal evolution of the vegetation and leaf area index, as well as their effect on radiative feedbacks and the sensitivity of the vegetation feedback to the climate mean state. It even affects the sign of the global annual mean changes in temperature and precipitation between the mid-Holocene and pre-industrial periods. Dynamical vegetation highlights behaviours that can only be fully studied in a fully coupled Earth system model. The sensitivity of these vegetation-induced feedbacks to the mean climate state needs to be better considered when developing and tuning climate models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Earth System Dynamics is the property of Copernicus Gesellschaft mbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Dynamic vegetation highlights first-order climate feedbacks and their dependence on the climate mean state.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Earth+System+Dynamics%22">Earth System Dynamics</searchLink>. 2025, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p2113-2136. 24p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Climate+feedbacks%22">Climate feedbacks</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Albedo%22">Albedo</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vegetation+dynamics%22">Vegetation dynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Holocene+Epoch%22">Holocene Epoch</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Humidity%22">Humidity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atmospheric+models%22">Atmospheric models</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Northern+Hemisphere%22">Northern Hemisphere</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sahara%22">Sahara</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: We investigate how first-order albedo and water vapor radiative feedbacks are triggered by climate-vegetation interactions using mid-Holocene and pre-industrial climate simulations. The mid Holocene greening of the Sahara and northward shift of the northern tree line in the Northern Hemisphere illustrate these climate-vegetation interactions and challenge the development of Earth System models. We consider four different configurations for the IPSL Earth System model with dynamical vegetation to quantify vegetation and radiative feedbacks. They combine different parameterizations of key factors controlling vegetation functioning: bare soil evaporation, photosynthesis and associated parameters, and tree mortality. Whatever the model setup, the major differences between the mid-Holocene and pre-industrial climates are consistent with climate and vegetation reconstructions from pollen records. However, model setup differences modulate the way in which vegetation-climate interactions trigger first-order radiative surface albedo and water vapour feedbacks. Cascading effects involve both local snow-vegetation interactions and remote water vapour and long-wave radiative feedbacks. We show that the parameterization of bare soil evaporation is a key factor that controls tree growth in mid and high latitudes. Photosynthesis parameterization appears to be critical in controlling the seasonal evolution of the vegetation and leaf area index, as well as their effect on radiative feedbacks and the sensitivity of the vegetation feedback to the climate mean state. It even affects the sign of the global annual mean changes in temperature and precipitation between the mid-Holocene and pre-industrial periods. Dynamical vegetation highlights behaviours that can only be fully studied in a fully coupled Earth system model. The sensitivity of these vegetation-induced feedbacks to the mean climate state needs to be better considered when developing and tuning climate models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Earth System Dynamics is the property of Copernicus Gesellschaft mbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.5194/esd-16-2113-2025
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 24
        StartPage: 2113
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Climate feedbacks
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Albedo
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Vegetation dynamics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Holocene Epoch
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Humidity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Atmospheric models
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Northern Hemisphere
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sahara
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Dynamic vegetation highlights first-order climate feedbacks and their dependence on the climate mean state.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Braconnot, Pascale
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            NameFull: Viovy, Nicolas
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            NameFull: Marti, Olivier
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            – D: 01
              M: 11
              Text: 2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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