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Numerical Simulation of Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow in a Downhole Multistage Axial Compressor Under Different Inlet Conditions.

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Title: Numerical Simulation of Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow in a Downhole Multistage Axial Compressor Under Different Inlet Conditions.
Authors: Cao, Mingchen1,2 (AUTHOR) caomch.sripe@sinopec.com, Pang, Wei1,2 (AUTHOR), Liu, Huanle1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Su, Shifan3,4 (AUTHOR), Wang, Yufan1,3,4 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Weihao2,3,4 (AUTHOR)
Source: Energies (19961073). Jan2026, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p275. 21p.
Subjects: Two-phase flow, Axial flow compressors, Computer simulation, Mechanical efficiency, Hydrodynamics, Fluid dynamics
Abstract: During natural gas field extraction, downhole compressors frequently encounter gas-liquid two-phase flow conditions, yet the internal flow characteristics and performance evolution mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. This paper investigates a small-scale, low-pressure-ratio five-stage axial compressor using a multiphase numerical simulation method based on the Euler-Lagrange framework. The study systematically examines the effects of different inlet pressures (0.1 MPa, 1 MPa, 8 MPa) and liquid mass fraction (0%, 5%, 10%) on its overall and stage-by-stage performance, droplet evolution, and flow field structure. The results indicate that the inlet pressure exerts a decisive influence on the overall efficiency trend of wet compression. The stage efficiency response displays a trend of an initial decrease in the front stages followed by an increase in the rear stages, showing significant variation under different inlet pressures. Flow field analysis reveals that increased inlet pressure intensifies droplet aerodynamic breakup, leading to higher flow losses in the compressor. Simultaneously, under high-pressure conditions, the cumulative cooling effect resulting from droplet heat transfer and evaporation effectively enhances the flow stability in the rear stages. This research elucidates the interstage interaction mechanisms of gas-liquid two-phase flow in low-pressure-ratio multistage compressors and highlights the competing influences of droplet breakup and evaporation effects on performance under different pressure conditions, providing a theoretical basis for the optimal design of downhole wet gas compression technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Energies (19961073) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Numerical Simulation of Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow in a Downhole Multistage Axial Compressor Under Different Inlet Conditions.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energies+%2819961073%29%22">Energies (19961073)</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p275. 21p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Two-phase+flow%22">Two-phase flow</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Axial+flow+compressors%22">Axial flow compressors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+simulation%22">Computer simulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mechanical+efficiency%22">Mechanical efficiency</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrodynamics%22">Hydrodynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fluid+dynamics%22">Fluid dynamics</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: During natural gas field extraction, downhole compressors frequently encounter gas-liquid two-phase flow conditions, yet the internal flow characteristics and performance evolution mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. This paper investigates a small-scale, low-pressure-ratio five-stage axial compressor using a multiphase numerical simulation method based on the Euler-Lagrange framework. The study systematically examines the effects of different inlet pressures (0.1 MPa, 1 MPa, 8 MPa) and liquid mass fraction (0%, 5%, 10%) on its overall and stage-by-stage performance, droplet evolution, and flow field structure. The results indicate that the inlet pressure exerts a decisive influence on the overall efficiency trend of wet compression. The stage efficiency response displays a trend of an initial decrease in the front stages followed by an increase in the rear stages, showing significant variation under different inlet pressures. Flow field analysis reveals that increased inlet pressure intensifies droplet aerodynamic breakup, leading to higher flow losses in the compressor. Simultaneously, under high-pressure conditions, the cumulative cooling effect resulting from droplet heat transfer and evaporation effectively enhances the flow stability in the rear stages. This research elucidates the interstage interaction mechanisms of gas-liquid two-phase flow in low-pressure-ratio multistage compressors and highlights the competing influences of droplet breakup and evaporation effects on performance under different pressure conditions, providing a theoretical basis for the optimal design of downhole wet gas compression technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Energies (19961073) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Text: English
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      – TitleFull: Numerical Simulation of Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow in a Downhole Multistage Axial Compressor Under Different Inlet Conditions.
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              Text: Jan2026
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              Y: 2026
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