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Surface Engineering of Non-Equiatomic TiZrNbTaMo HEA by MAO Treatment in a Cu-Rich Electrolyte for Biomedical Applications.

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Title: Surface Engineering of Non-Equiatomic TiZrNbTaMo HEA by MAO Treatment in a Cu-Rich Electrolyte for Biomedical Applications.
Authors: Bonetti, Samuel P.1 (AUTHOR), Torrento, Jhuliene E. M.1,2 (AUTHOR), Grandini, Carlos R.1,3 (AUTHOR), Sousa, Tiago dos S. P. de1,2 (AUTHOR), Almeida, Gerson S. de2,3 (AUTHOR), Zambuzzi, Willian F.3 (AUTHOR), Correa, Diego R. N.1 (AUTHOR) diego.correa@unesp.br
Source: Materials (1996-1944). Jan2026, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p174. 14p.
Subjects: High-entropy alloys, Cytocompatibility, Osseointegration, Electrolytic oxidation, Electrolytes, Surfaces (Technology), Surface coatings, Medical technology
Abstract: This study evaluated the surface functionalization of a non-equiatomic TiZrNbTaMo high-entropy alloy (HEA) by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) in Cu-rich electrolytes to tailor its performance for biomedical implants. The Cu content was varied, and the resulting coatings were investigated for their morphology, phase constitution, chemical structure, wettability, and cytocompatibility. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements of the substrate indicated a body-centered cubic (BCC) matrix with minor HCP features, while the MAO-treated samples depicted amorphous halo with sparse reflections assignable to CaCO3, CaO, and CaPO4. Chemical spectroscopic analyses identified the presence of stable oxides (TiO2, ZrO2, Nb2O5, Ta2O5, MoO3) and the successful incorporation of bioactive elements (Ca, P, Mg) together with traces of Cu, mainly as Cu2O. MAO treatment increased surface roughness and rendered a hydrophilic behavior, which are features typically favorable to osseointegration process. In vitro cytotoxic assays with MC3T3-E1 cells (24 h) showed that Cu addition did not induce harmful effects, maintaining or improving cell viability and adhesion compared to the controls. Collectively, MAO in Cu-rich electrolyte yielded porous, bioactive, and Cu-incorporated oxide coatings on TiZrNbTaMo HEA, preserving cytocompatibility and supporting their potential for biomedical applications like orthopedic implants and bone-fixation devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Surface Engineering of Non-Equiatomic TiZrNbTaMo HEA by MAO Treatment in a Cu-Rich Electrolyte for Biomedical Applications.
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  Data: This study evaluated the surface functionalization of a non-equiatomic TiZrNbTaMo high-entropy alloy (HEA) by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) in Cu-rich electrolytes to tailor its performance for biomedical implants. The Cu content was varied, and the resulting coatings were investigated for their morphology, phase constitution, chemical structure, wettability, and cytocompatibility. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements of the substrate indicated a body-centered cubic (BCC) matrix with minor HCP features, while the MAO-treated samples depicted amorphous halo with sparse reflections assignable to CaCO3, CaO, and CaPO4. Chemical spectroscopic analyses identified the presence of stable oxides (TiO2, ZrO2, Nb2O5, Ta2O5, MoO3) and the successful incorporation of bioactive elements (Ca, P, Mg) together with traces of Cu, mainly as Cu2O. MAO treatment increased surface roughness and rendered a hydrophilic behavior, which are features typically favorable to osseointegration process. In vitro cytotoxic assays with MC3T3-E1 cells (24 h) showed that Cu addition did not induce harmful effects, maintaining or improving cell viability and adhesion compared to the controls. Collectively, MAO in Cu-rich electrolyte yielded porous, bioactive, and Cu-incorporated oxide coatings on TiZrNbTaMo HEA, preserving cytocompatibility and supporting their potential for biomedical applications like orthopedic implants and bone-fixation devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/ma19010174
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 174
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      – SubjectFull: High-entropy alloys
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cytocompatibility
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Osseointegration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electrolytic oxidation
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      – SubjectFull: Electrolytes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Surfaces (Technology)
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      – SubjectFull: Surface coatings
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      – SubjectFull: Medical technology
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      – TitleFull: Surface Engineering of Non-Equiatomic TiZrNbTaMo HEA by MAO Treatment in a Cu-Rich Electrolyte for Biomedical Applications.
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              M: 01
              Text: Jan2026
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              Y: 2026
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