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Silica microbubble powders from freeze-dried Pickering emulsions.

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Title: Silica microbubble powders from freeze-dried Pickering emulsions.
Authors: Wang, Qimeng1,2 (AUTHOR) qimeng.wang@wur.nl, Poortinga, Albert T.3 (AUTHOR), Li, Yuan1,2 (AUTHOR) yuanli@cau.edu.cn, Scholten, Elke4 (AUTHOR), de Vries, Renko1 (AUTHOR) renko.devries@wur.nl
Source: Chemical Engineering Journal. Jan2026, Vol. 527, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Microbubbles, Freeze-drying, Emulsions, Mixtures, Silica nanoparticles, Nanoparticles, Stability (Mechanics), Pharmaceutical technology
Abstract: Microbubbles are unique materials widely used in food formulations, as well as biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. However, their thermodynamic instability limits practical use. To enhance their stability, we studied the production of microbubble powders using Pickering emulsions as templates, in combination with freeze-drying to remove both the aqueous solvent and the oil inside the emulsion droplets. Hydrophobic silica nanoparticles stabilized O/W Pickering emulsions with cyclooctane as a volatile oil phase, while nanoparticles were dispersed either in the water phase alone or in both water and oil phases. After freeze-drying, SEM microscopy revealed two distinct microbubble structures: single-layer microbubbles when nanoparticles were present only in the water phase, and network microbubbles with an internal particle network, when nanoparticles were present in both the aqueous and oil phases. Both microbubble types exhibit long-term stability. The stability of redispersed bubbles was examined in water and protein dispersions. We found that the presence of a particle network inside significantly improved bubble stability. Microscopy showed that SL microbubbles persisted for less than 3 days, whereas NW bubbles remained stable for over 1 week; correspondingly, 50 % air loss occurred after 5 days (SL) and 7 days (NW). For SL bubbles, faster freezing and the presence of protein significantly enhance stability, with many bubbles remaining after 7 days. Our method of using freeze-drying to create microbubble powders from Pickering emulsion templates solves the problems of low production efficiency and scalability that exist when attempting to directly stabilize air-water interfaces using Pickering stabilization. [Display omitted] • Scalable method for stable microbubbles via freeze-drying Pickering emulsions • Internal particle network greatly improves microbubble stability • Expected to be useful for pharmaceutical applications [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Chemical Engineering Journal is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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  Data: Silica microbubble powders from freeze-dried Pickering emulsions.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Qimeng%22">Wang, Qimeng</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> qimeng.wang@wur.nl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Poortinga%2C+Albert+T%2E%22">Poortinga, Albert T.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Yuan%22">Li, Yuan</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> yuanli@cau.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Scholten%2C+Elke%22">Scholten, Elke</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Vries%2C+Renko%22">de Vries, Renko</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> renko.devries@wur.nl</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Chemical+Engineering+Journal%22">Chemical Engineering Journal</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 527, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microbubbles%22">Microbubbles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Freeze-drying%22">Freeze-drying</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emulsions%22">Emulsions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mixtures%22">Mixtures</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Silica+nanoparticles%22">Silica nanoparticles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanoparticles%22">Nanoparticles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stability+%28Mechanics%29%22">Stability (Mechanics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pharmaceutical+technology%22">Pharmaceutical technology</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Microbubbles are unique materials widely used in food formulations, as well as biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. However, their thermodynamic instability limits practical use. To enhance their stability, we studied the production of microbubble powders using Pickering emulsions as templates, in combination with freeze-drying to remove both the aqueous solvent and the oil inside the emulsion droplets. Hydrophobic silica nanoparticles stabilized O/W Pickering emulsions with cyclooctane as a volatile oil phase, while nanoparticles were dispersed either in the water phase alone or in both water and oil phases. After freeze-drying, SEM microscopy revealed two distinct microbubble structures: single-layer microbubbles when nanoparticles were present only in the water phase, and network microbubbles with an internal particle network, when nanoparticles were present in both the aqueous and oil phases. Both microbubble types exhibit long-term stability. The stability of redispersed bubbles was examined in water and protein dispersions. We found that the presence of a particle network inside significantly improved bubble stability. Microscopy showed that SL microbubbles persisted for less than 3 days, whereas NW bubbles remained stable for over 1 week; correspondingly, 50 % air loss occurred after 5 days (SL) and 7 days (NW). For SL bubbles, faster freezing and the presence of protein significantly enhance stability, with many bubbles remaining after 7 days. Our method of using freeze-drying to create microbubble powders from Pickering emulsion templates solves the problems of low production efficiency and scalability that exist when attempting to directly stabilize air-water interfaces using Pickering stabilization. [Display omitted] • Scalable method for stable microbubbles via freeze-drying Pickering emulsions • Internal particle network greatly improves microbubble stability • Expected to be useful for pharmaceutical applications [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Chemical Engineering Journal is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.172095
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Microbubbles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Freeze-drying
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emulsions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mixtures
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Silica nanoparticles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nanoparticles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Stability (Mechanics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pharmaceutical technology
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Silica microbubble powders from freeze-dried Pickering emulsions.
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            NameFull: Wang, Qimeng
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            NameFull: Poortinga, Albert T.
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            NameFull: Li, Yuan
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            NameFull: Scholten, Elke
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Text: Jan2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 527
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            – TitleFull: Chemical Engineering Journal
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