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Recycling potential of 3D printed support waste as eco-friendly polymeric composites.

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Title: Recycling potential of 3D printed support waste as eco-friendly polymeric composites.
Authors: Mathiazhagan, N1 (AUTHOR), Palaniyappan, Sabarinathan2 (AUTHOR) sabarinathan14010@mech.ssn.edu.in, Tamilselvan, M3 (AUTHOR), Sivakumar, Narain Kumar3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Progress in Rubber, Plastics & Recycling Technology. Feb2026, Vol. 42 Issue 1, p137-157. 21p.
Subjects: Waste recycling, Polymeric composites, Polylactic acid, Ultrasonic bonding, Mechanical behavior of materials, Three-dimensional printing, Fused deposition modeling, Resource allocation
Abstract: Nowadays 3D printing has excellent potential and attention over the traditional manufacturing technology and has more recycling possibilities. The present study focuses on the conversion of 3D printing raft support waste from the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) process and this waste can be converted into usable ecofriendly composites using ultrasonic joining technique. The joining study was done on the 3D printed supports of Poly Lactic Acid (PLA), Carbon fibre reinforced Poly Lactic Acid (CPLA), and Ceramic reinforced Poly Lactic Acid (CEPLA) samples. The samples are welded with 6 different combinations such as similar welding of PLA, CPLA and CEPLA, and dissimilar welding of CEPLA/CPLA, CEPLA/PLA, and CPLA/PLA. Similar and dissimilar ultrasonic welding was done with respect to varying the printing process parameters such as layer height, raster orientation and printing speed. The impact of various printing parameters on the joint possessions of the 3D printed supports was analysed in terms of the mechanical properties such as tensile strength and shore hardness value. The results show that, the maximum tensile strength was observed on the similar joints of Carbon fibre reinforced Poly Lactic Acid (CPLA) samples with layer height of 0.1 mm, printing speed of 20 mm/s and raster orientation of 90°. Fractured samples clearly shows that all the samples are failed under brittle mode of fracture and at lower printing speed the samples are evenly deposited, which results in proper bonding or fusion of the Joined raft support samples. This kind of refabrication method provides more benefit with lesser energy utilization compared to filament extrusion method for recycling of the 3D printed waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Progress in Rubber, Plastics & Recycling Technology is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Recycling potential of 3D printed support waste as eco-friendly polymeric composites.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Waste+recycling%22">Waste recycling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polymeric+composites%22">Polymeric composites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polylactic+acid%22">Polylactic acid</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ultrasonic+bonding%22">Ultrasonic bonding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mechanical+behavior+of+materials%22">Mechanical behavior of materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Three-dimensional+printing%22">Three-dimensional printing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fused+deposition+modeling%22">Fused deposition modeling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Resource+allocation%22">Resource allocation</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Nowadays 3D printing has excellent potential and attention over the traditional manufacturing technology and has more recycling possibilities. The present study focuses on the conversion of 3D printing raft support waste from the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) process and this waste can be converted into usable ecofriendly composites using ultrasonic joining technique. The joining study was done on the 3D printed supports of Poly Lactic Acid (PLA), Carbon fibre reinforced Poly Lactic Acid (CPLA), and Ceramic reinforced Poly Lactic Acid (CEPLA) samples. The samples are welded with 6 different combinations such as similar welding of PLA, CPLA and CEPLA, and dissimilar welding of CEPLA/CPLA, CEPLA/PLA, and CPLA/PLA. Similar and dissimilar ultrasonic welding was done with respect to varying the printing process parameters such as layer height, raster orientation and printing speed. The impact of various printing parameters on the joint possessions of the 3D printed supports was analysed in terms of the mechanical properties such as tensile strength and shore hardness value. The results show that, the maximum tensile strength was observed on the similar joints of Carbon fibre reinforced Poly Lactic Acid (CPLA) samples with layer height of 0.1 mm, printing speed of 20 mm/s and raster orientation of 90°. Fractured samples clearly shows that all the samples are failed under brittle mode of fracture and at lower printing speed the samples are evenly deposited, which results in proper bonding or fusion of the Joined raft support samples. This kind of refabrication method provides more benefit with lesser energy utilization compared to filament extrusion method for recycling of the 3D printed waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Progress in Rubber, Plastics & Recycling Technology is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1177/14777606241313077
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 137
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Waste recycling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polymeric composites
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polylactic acid
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ultrasonic bonding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mechanical behavior of materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Three-dimensional printing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fused deposition modeling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Resource allocation
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Recycling potential of 3D printed support waste as eco-friendly polymeric composites.
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            NameFull: Mathiazhagan, N
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            NameFull: Palaniyappan, Sabarinathan
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            NameFull: Tamilselvan, M
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            – D: 01
              M: 02
              Text: Feb2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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