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Litter removal aggravates the negative effect of long-term nitrogen enrichment on soil bacterial diversity in a Mongolian pine plantation.

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Title: Litter removal aggravates the negative effect of long-term nitrogen enrichment on soil bacterial diversity in a Mongolian pine plantation.
Authors: Cheng, Zhanhe1,2 (AUTHOR), Lin, Guigang1,2 (AUTHOR) linguigang@126.com, Zeng, De-Hui3 (AUTHOR), Cheng, Songfei1,2 (AUTHOR), Xu, Weiqi1,2 (AUTHOR), He, Nianpeng1,2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Plant & Soil. Jan2026, Vol. 518 Issue 1, p639-655. 17p.
Subjects: Soil biodiversity, Nitrogen in soils, Waste management laws, Forest management, Forest productivity, Coniferous forests, Nitrogen fertilizers, Microbial ecology
Geographic Terms: Mongolia
Abstract: Purpose: Increasing evidence has shown that nitrogen (N) deposition profoundly influences soil bacterial diversity and community composition, yet the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In theory, N deposition can affect soil bacteria by altering forest productivity and subsequent litter inputs as litter provides the primary energy source for soil microbes, but this hypothesis lacks experimental validation. Here, we explored how N deposition and litter inputs interacted to affect soil bacterial communities. Methods: We conducted a 10-year factorial experiment with N addition (0 and 10 g N m−2 yr−1) and litter manipulation (addition, ambient, and removal) in a Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation, and measured soil bacterial communities, soil N and phosphorus availability, pH and exchangeable base cations. Results: N addition reduced soil bacterial diversity and altered bacterial community composition by increasing soil N availability, and decreasing soil pH and exchangeable base cations. Litter manipulation significantly affected soil bacterial diversity under N addition but not under control treatments. Specifically, litter removal exacerbated the negative impact of N addition on soil bacterial diversity, whereas litter addition mitigated this negative impact. This significant interaction arose because litter removal intensified the N addition-induced increases in soil N availability and acidification, while litter addition alleviated these effects. Conclusions: These results underscore the essential role of aboveground litter in maintaining soil bacterial diversity under N deposition, and suggest that forest management practices should strengthen the protection of litterfall to enhance microbial resistance to N enrichment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Plant & Soil is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 191135044
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Litter removal aggravates the negative effect of long-term nitrogen enrichment on soil bacterial diversity in a Mongolian pine plantation.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Plant+%26+Soil%22">Plant & Soil</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 518 Issue 1, p639-655. 17p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+biodiversity%22">Soil biodiversity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nitrogen+in+soils%22">Nitrogen in soils</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Waste+management+laws%22">Waste management laws</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Forest+management%22">Forest management</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Forest+productivity%22">Forest productivity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Coniferous+forests%22">Coniferous forests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nitrogen+fertilizers%22">Nitrogen fertilizers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microbial+ecology%22">Microbial ecology</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mongolia%22">Mongolia</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: Increasing evidence has shown that nitrogen (N) deposition profoundly influences soil bacterial diversity and community composition, yet the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In theory, N deposition can affect soil bacteria by altering forest productivity and subsequent litter inputs as litter provides the primary energy source for soil microbes, but this hypothesis lacks experimental validation. Here, we explored how N deposition and litter inputs interacted to affect soil bacterial communities. Methods: We conducted a 10-year factorial experiment with N addition (0 and 10 g N m−2 yr−1) and litter manipulation (addition, ambient, and removal) in a Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation, and measured soil bacterial communities, soil N and phosphorus availability, pH and exchangeable base cations. Results: N addition reduced soil bacterial diversity and altered bacterial community composition by increasing soil N availability, and decreasing soil pH and exchangeable base cations. Litter manipulation significantly affected soil bacterial diversity under N addition but not under control treatments. Specifically, litter removal exacerbated the negative impact of N addition on soil bacterial diversity, whereas litter addition mitigated this negative impact. This significant interaction arose because litter removal intensified the N addition-induced increases in soil N availability and acidification, while litter addition alleviated these effects. Conclusions: These results underscore the essential role of aboveground litter in maintaining soil bacterial diversity under N deposition, and suggest that forest management practices should strengthen the protection of litterfall to enhance microbial resistance to N enrichment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Plant & Soil is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s11104-025-08020-2
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 639
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Soil biodiversity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nitrogen in soils
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Waste management laws
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Forest management
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Forest productivity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Coniferous forests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nitrogen fertilizers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microbial ecology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mongolia
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Litter removal aggravates the negative effect of long-term nitrogen enrichment on soil bacterial diversity in a Mongolian pine plantation.
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            NameFull: Cheng, Zhanhe
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            NameFull: Cheng, Songfei
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              M: 01
              Text: Jan2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 518
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