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Thermal Transport Analysis of Hybrid (Al2O3 − Cu/H2O) Nanofluids With Inertial Drag and Cross‐Diffusion Under Convective Conditions Using the Mintsa–Gherasim Model: An Approach to Energy Research

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Title: Thermal Transport Analysis of Hybrid (Al2O3 − Cu/H2O) Nanofluids With Inertial Drag and Cross‐Diffusion Under Convective Conditions Using the Mintsa–Gherasim Model: An Approach to Energy Research
Authors: Basit, Muhammad Abdul1,2,3 (AUTHOR) mabdulbasit@mail.ustc.edu.cn, Chaudhry, Munaza3 (AUTHOR), Imran, Muhammad3,4 (AUTHOR), Yan, Chang-Feng1,2 (AUTHOR), Tahir, Madeeha5 (AUTHOR), Klai, Zeineb6 (AUTHOR) asadharal5@gmail.com, Younis, Jihad7 (AUTHOR) jihadyounis0345@gmail.com, Ahmed, Mahmoud (AUTHOR) aminism@aun.edu.eg
Source: International Journal of Energy Research. 1/24/2026, Vol. 2026, p1-14. 14p.
Subjects: Heat transfer, Nanofluids, Convective flow, Energy transfer, Magnetohydrodynamics, Nanoparticles, Renewable energy sources, Heat transfer coefficient
Abstract: Purpose: Energy transport is a crucial phenomenon across many engineering applications, and its importance continues to grow with increasing demand for physical and industrial problem‐solving. In order to examine the function of a hybrid nanofluid, two dissimilar types of metal and oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were added to the solvent water using the concept of heat transmission across a flat stretched surface. The flow behavior is enhanced when the inertial drag of Darcy–Forchheimer is included across an expanding medium embedded in a permeable material. An interesting feature that draws attention to the proposed study is how the convective boundary condition and the Mintsa model conductivity are used to strengthen the thermos‐physical model. Design/Methodology/Approach: This work investigates the unsteady viscosity of a magneto‐hydro‐dynamic hybrid nanofluid consisting of alumina and copper (Cu) and alumina (Al2O3) particles with base fluid as water. This is accomplished by applying appropriate similarity transformations to convert the system's partial differential equations (PDEs) into a system of nonlinear ODEs. The order of resultant ODEs is minimized by the shooting technique, and then the system is handled numerically by using MATLAB's built‐in bvp4c solver, which provides ease of implementation. Using graphs and tables, the effects of the NP reactions on mass and heat transfer rates, surface drag force, and thermal and velocity profiles are displayed in the Results and Discussion section. Findings: The results derived from the computations demonstrate that the magnetic field minimizes the velocity by 9.25%, whereas HNF maximizes it by 6.65%. In the thermal depiction, the Prandtl number (Pr) decreases the rate by 2.5%, but the heat source and radiation parameters increase it by 15%. Originality/Value: This work has prominent applications in the fields of energy production, the manufacturing industry, heat transfer, aerospace engineering, biomedical research, and many more. Specifically, its application is in solar collectors, photovoltaic systems, geothermal energy, biomass energy, hydroelectric energy, concentrated solar power plants, and also in many other renewable energy systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Energy Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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  Data: Thermal Transport Analysis of Hybrid (Al<subscript>2</subscript>O<subscript>3</subscript> − Cu/H<subscript>2</subscript>O) Nanofluids With Inertial Drag and Cross‐Diffusion Under Convective Conditions Using the Mintsa–Gherasim Model: An Approach to Energy Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Basit%2C+Muhammad+Abdul%22">Basit, Muhammad Abdul</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> mabdulbasit@mail.ustc.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chaudhry%2C+Munaza%22">Chaudhry, Munaza</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Imran%2C+Muhammad%22">Imran, Muhammad</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yan%2C+Chang-Feng%22">Yan, Chang-Feng</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tahir%2C+Madeeha%22">Tahir, Madeeha</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Klai%2C+Zeineb%22">Klai, Zeineb</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> asadharal5@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Younis%2C+Jihad%22">Younis, Jihad</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> jihadyounis0345@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ahmed%2C+Mahmoud%22">Ahmed, Mahmoud</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<i> aminism@aun.edu.eg</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Energy+Research%22">International Journal of Energy Research</searchLink>. 1/24/2026, Vol. 2026, p1-14. 14p.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: Energy transport is a crucial phenomenon across many engineering applications, and its importance continues to grow with increasing demand for physical and industrial problem‐solving. In order to examine the function of a hybrid nanofluid, two dissimilar types of metal and oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were added to the solvent water using the concept of heat transmission across a flat stretched surface. The flow behavior is enhanced when the inertial drag of Darcy–Forchheimer is included across an expanding medium embedded in a permeable material. An interesting feature that draws attention to the proposed study is how the convective boundary condition and the Mintsa model conductivity are used to strengthen the thermos‐physical model. Design/Methodology/Approach: This work investigates the unsteady viscosity of a magneto‐hydro‐dynamic hybrid nanofluid consisting of alumina and copper (Cu) and alumina (Al2O3) particles with base fluid as water. This is accomplished by applying appropriate similarity transformations to convert the system's partial differential equations (PDEs) into a system of nonlinear ODEs. The order of resultant ODEs is minimized by the shooting technique, and then the system is handled numerically by using MATLAB's built‐in bvp4c solver, which provides ease of implementation. Using graphs and tables, the effects of the NP reactions on mass and heat transfer rates, surface drag force, and thermal and velocity profiles are displayed in the Results and Discussion section. Findings: The results derived from the computations demonstrate that the magnetic field minimizes the velocity by 9.25%, whereas HNF maximizes it by 6.65%. In the thermal depiction, the Prandtl number (Pr) decreases the rate by 2.5%, but the heat source and radiation parameters increase it by 15%. Originality/Value: This work has prominent applications in the fields of energy production, the manufacturing industry, heat transfer, aerospace engineering, biomedical research, and many more. Specifically, its application is in solar collectors, photovoltaic systems, geothermal energy, biomass energy, hydroelectric energy, concentrated solar power plants, and also in many other renewable energy systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Energy Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1155/er/6674260
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Heat transfer
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nanofluids
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Convective flow
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Energy transfer
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetohydrodynamics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nanoparticles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Renewable energy sources
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Heat transfer coefficient
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Thermal Transport Analysis of Hybrid (Al2O3 − Cu/H2O) Nanofluids With Inertial Drag and Cross‐Diffusion Under Convective Conditions Using the Mintsa–Gherasim Model: An Approach to Energy Research
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              Text: 1/24/2026
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              Y: 2026
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