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From Corrosion Control to Cell Adhesion: Parascholzite as a Functional Interface for Biodegradable Zinc Alloys.

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Title: From Corrosion Control to Cell Adhesion: Parascholzite as a Functional Interface for Biodegradable Zinc Alloys.
Authors: Fojt, Jaroslav1 (AUTHOR) fojtj@vscht.cz, Veselý, Jakub1,2 (AUTHOR), Šťovíček, Jan1 (AUTHOR), Pokorný, Jan1,2 (AUTHOR), Jablonská, Eva2 (AUTHOR), Míchal, Zdeněk2 (AUTHOR), Hybášek, Vojtěch1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Materials (1996-1944). Jan2026, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p416. 14p.
Subjects: Cytocompatibility, Cell adhesion, Corrosion control industry, Surface chemistry, Phosphate coating, Artificial implants, Zinc alloys, Surface coatings
Abstract: Zinc-based alloys are promising candidates for biodegradable implant applications; however, their rapid initial corrosion and limited cytocompatibility remain major challenges. In this study, a Zn-Ca-P layer in a form of parascholzite (CaZn2(PO4)2·2H2O) was prepared on a Zn-0.8Mg-0.2Sr alloy via anodic oxidation followed by short-time biomimetic calcium–phosphate deposition. The formation mechanism, corrosion behaviour, and preliminary biological response of the modified surface were systematically investigated. The Zn-Ca-P layer formed a compact and crystalline phosphate layer that significantly altered the corrosion response of the zinc substrate in Leibovitz L-15 medium containing foetal bovine serum. Electrochemical measurements revealed a pronounced improvement in corrosion resistance and a transition from rapid active dissolution to a controlled, ion-exchange-driven degradation mechanism. The moderate solubility of parascholzite enabled the gradual release of Zn2+ and Ca2+ ions while maintaining surface stability during immersion. Preliminary cell adhesion experiments demonstrated a clear enhancement of cytocompatibility for the Zn-Ca-P-layer-coated samples, where cells readily adhered and spread, in contrast to the bare alloy surface, which showed lower cell attachment. The improved biological response is attributed to the phosphate-rich surface chemistry, favourable surface morphology, and moderated corrosion behaviour. Overall, the parascholzite-like layer provides an effective strategy with which to regulate both corrosion and early cell–material interactions of zinc-based biodegradable alloys, highlighting its potential for temporary biomedical implant applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: From Corrosion Control to Cell Adhesion: Parascholzite as a Functional Interface for Biodegradable Zinc Alloys.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 19 Issue 2, p416. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cytocompatibility%22">Cytocompatibility</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cell+adhesion%22">Cell adhesion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Corrosion+control+industry%22">Corrosion control industry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surface+chemistry%22">Surface chemistry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phosphate+coating%22">Phosphate coating</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Artificial+implants%22">Artificial implants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Zinc+alloys%22">Zinc alloys</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surface+coatings%22">Surface coatings</searchLink>
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  Data: Zinc-based alloys are promising candidates for biodegradable implant applications; however, their rapid initial corrosion and limited cytocompatibility remain major challenges. In this study, a Zn-Ca-P layer in a form of parascholzite (CaZn2(PO4)2·2H2O) was prepared on a Zn-0.8Mg-0.2Sr alloy via anodic oxidation followed by short-time biomimetic calcium–phosphate deposition. The formation mechanism, corrosion behaviour, and preliminary biological response of the modified surface were systematically investigated. The Zn-Ca-P layer formed a compact and crystalline phosphate layer that significantly altered the corrosion response of the zinc substrate in Leibovitz L-15 medium containing foetal bovine serum. Electrochemical measurements revealed a pronounced improvement in corrosion resistance and a transition from rapid active dissolution to a controlled, ion-exchange-driven degradation mechanism. The moderate solubility of parascholzite enabled the gradual release of Zn2+ and Ca2+ ions while maintaining surface stability during immersion. Preliminary cell adhesion experiments demonstrated a clear enhancement of cytocompatibility for the Zn-Ca-P-layer-coated samples, where cells readily adhered and spread, in contrast to the bare alloy surface, which showed lower cell attachment. The improved biological response is attributed to the phosphate-rich surface chemistry, favourable surface morphology, and moderated corrosion behaviour. Overall, the parascholzite-like layer provides an effective strategy with which to regulate both corrosion and early cell–material interactions of zinc-based biodegradable alloys, highlighting its potential for temporary biomedical implant applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Text: English
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        StartPage: 416
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      – SubjectFull: Cytocompatibility
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      – SubjectFull: Cell adhesion
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      – SubjectFull: Corrosion control industry
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      – SubjectFull: Surface chemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phosphate coating
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Artificial implants
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Zinc alloys
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      – SubjectFull: Surface coatings
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      – TitleFull: From Corrosion Control to Cell Adhesion: Parascholzite as a Functional Interface for Biodegradable Zinc Alloys.
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              Text: Jan2026
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