Experimental Determination of Material Behavior Under Compression of a Carbon-Reinforced Epoxy Composite Boat Damaged by Slamming-like Impact.
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| Title: | Experimental Determination of Material Behavior Under Compression of a Carbon-Reinforced Epoxy Composite Boat Damaged by Slamming-like Impact. |
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| Authors: | Altunsaray, Erkin1 (AUTHOR), Biçer, Mustafa2 (AUTHOR), Karasu, Haşim Fırat3 (AUTHOR), Neşer, Gökdeniz1 (AUTHOR) gokdeniz.neser@deu.edu.tr |
| Source: | Polymers (20734360). Jan2026, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p173. 14p. |
| Subjects: | Impact loads, Impact testing, Laminated materials, Boats & boating, Impact strength, Epoxy resins, Deterioration of materials, Mechanical behavior of materials |
| Abstract: | Carbon-reinforced epoxy laminated composite (CREC) structures are increasingly utilized in high-speed marine vehicles (HSMVs) due to their high specific strength and stiffness; however, they are frequently subjected to impact loads like slamming and aggressive environmental agents during operation. This study experimentally investigates the Compression After Impact (CAI) behavior of CREC plates with varying lamination sequences under both atmospheric and accelerated aging conditions. The samples were produced using the vacuum-assisted resin infusion method with three specific orientation types: quasi-isotropic, cross-ply, and angle-ply. To simulate the marine environment, specimens were subjected to accelerated aging in a salt fog and cyclic corrosion cabin for periods of 2, 4, and 6 weeks. Before and following the aging process, low-velocity impact tests were conducted at an energy level of 30 J, after which the residual compressive strength was measured by CAI tests. At the end of the aging process, after the sixth week, the performance of plates with different layer configuration characteristics can be summarized as follows: Plates 1 and 2, which are quasi-isotropic, exhibit opposite behavior. Plate 1, with an initial toughness of 23,000 mJ, increases its performance to 27,000 mJ as it ages, while these values are around 27,000 and 17,000 mJ, respectively, for Plate 2. It is thought that the difference in configurations creates this difference, and the presence of the 0° layer under the effect of compression load at the beginning and end of the configuration has a performance-enhancing effect. In Plates 3 and 4, which have a cross-ply configuration, almost the same performance is observed; the performance, which is initially 13,000 mJ, increases to around 23,000 mJ with the effect of aging. Among the options, angle-ply Plates 5 and 6 demonstrate the highest performance with values around 35,000 mJ, along with an undefined aging effect. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analyses confirmed the presence of matrix cracking, fiber breakage, and salt accumulation (Na and Ca compounds) on the aged surfaces. The study concludes that the impact of environmental aging on CRECs is not uniformly negative; while it degrades certain configurations, it can enhance the toughness and energy absorption of brittle, cross-ply structures through matrix plasticization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 191214580 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Experimental Determination of Material Behavior Under Compression of a Carbon-Reinforced Epoxy Composite Boat Damaged by Slamming-like Impact. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Altunsaray%2C+Erkin%22">Altunsaray, Erkin</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Biçer%2C+Mustafa%22">Biçer, Mustafa</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Karasu%2C+Haşim+Fırat%22">Karasu, Haşim Fırat</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Neşer%2C+Gökdeniz%22">Neşer, Gökdeniz</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> gokdeniz.neser@deu.edu.tr</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Polymers+%2820734360%29%22">Polymers (20734360)</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p173. 14p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Impact+loads%22">Impact loads</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Impact+testing%22">Impact testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Laminated+materials%22">Laminated materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Boats+%26+boating%22">Boats & boating</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Impact+strength%22">Impact strength</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Epoxy+resins%22">Epoxy resins</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Deterioration+of+materials%22">Deterioration of materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mechanical+behavior+of+materials%22">Mechanical behavior of materials</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Carbon-reinforced epoxy laminated composite (CREC) structures are increasingly utilized in high-speed marine vehicles (HSMVs) due to their high specific strength and stiffness; however, they are frequently subjected to impact loads like slamming and aggressive environmental agents during operation. This study experimentally investigates the Compression After Impact (CAI) behavior of CREC plates with varying lamination sequences under both atmospheric and accelerated aging conditions. The samples were produced using the vacuum-assisted resin infusion method with three specific orientation types: quasi-isotropic, cross-ply, and angle-ply. To simulate the marine environment, specimens were subjected to accelerated aging in a salt fog and cyclic corrosion cabin for periods of 2, 4, and 6 weeks. Before and following the aging process, low-velocity impact tests were conducted at an energy level of 30 J, after which the residual compressive strength was measured by CAI tests. At the end of the aging process, after the sixth week, the performance of plates with different layer configuration characteristics can be summarized as follows: Plates 1 and 2, which are quasi-isotropic, exhibit opposite behavior. Plate 1, with an initial toughness of 23,000 mJ, increases its performance to 27,000 mJ as it ages, while these values are around 27,000 and 17,000 mJ, respectively, for Plate 2. It is thought that the difference in configurations creates this difference, and the presence of the 0° layer under the effect of compression load at the beginning and end of the configuration has a performance-enhancing effect. In Plates 3 and 4, which have a cross-ply configuration, almost the same performance is observed; the performance, which is initially 13,000 mJ, increases to around 23,000 mJ with the effect of aging. Among the options, angle-ply Plates 5 and 6 demonstrate the highest performance with values around 35,000 mJ, along with an undefined aging effect. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analyses confirmed the presence of matrix cracking, fiber breakage, and salt accumulation (Na and Ca compounds) on the aged surfaces. The study concludes that the impact of environmental aging on CRECs is not uniformly negative; while it degrades certain configurations, it can enhance the toughness and energy absorption of brittle, cross-ply structures through matrix plasticization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=191214580 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.3390/polym18020173 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 14 StartPage: 173 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Impact loads Type: general – SubjectFull: Impact testing Type: general – SubjectFull: Laminated materials Type: general – SubjectFull: Boats & boating Type: general – SubjectFull: Impact strength Type: general – SubjectFull: Epoxy resins Type: general – SubjectFull: Deterioration of materials Type: general – SubjectFull: Mechanical behavior of materials Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Experimental Determination of Material Behavior Under Compression of a Carbon-Reinforced Epoxy Composite Boat Damaged by Slamming-like Impact. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Altunsaray, Erkin – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Biçer, Mustafa – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Karasu, Haşim Fırat – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Neşer, Gökdeniz IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 15 M: 01 Text: Jan2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 20734360 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 18 – Type: issue Value: 2 Titles: – TitleFull: Polymers (20734360) Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
