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Modelization of the MiniCaLMa neutron monitor based on Geant4 and Garfield++.

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Title: Modelization of the MiniCaLMa neutron monitor based on Geant4 and Garfield++.
Authors: Regadío, Alberto1 (AUTHOR) alberto.regadio@uah.es, Blanco, Juan José1 (AUTHOR) juanjo.blanco@uah.es, García Tejedor, J. Ignacio1 (AUTHOR) ignacio.garcia@uah.es, Guerrero, Carlo Luis1 (AUTHOR) carlo.guerrero@uah.es, Strauss, Du Toit2 (AUTHOR) dutoit.strauss@nwu.ac.za
Source: Advances in Space Research. Feb2026, Vol. 77 Issue 3, p3973-3982. 10p.
Subjects: Neutron counters, Neutron measurement, Simulation software, Cosmic rays, Frequency spectra, Computer simulation
Abstract: This paper describes the simulation of a portable neutron monitor suited for cosmic ray observation by detecting secondary particles, mainly neutrons, produced in the interaction of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles with the atmosphere. These instruments are known as mini neutron monitors and we focus on one of these detectors called MiniCaLMa from mini Castilla-La Mancha Neutron Monitor which is based on BF 3 for neutron detection. The model was developed using Geant4 to characterize the detector response to neutron beams and Garfield++ to simulate the ion/electron pair avalanches produced by these interactions. Incremental tests have validated the accuracy of the Geant4 model with calibrated measurements from standard NM64 neutron monitors. In addition, the raw pulses generated by the combined Geant4 and Garfield++ simulations show a qualitative alignment with the experimentally measured pulses in the detector. The simulations successfully reproduced the proportional region providing accurate pulse height spectra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 191270715
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PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Modelization of the MiniCaLMa neutron monitor based on Geant4 and Garfield++.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Regadío%2C+Alberto%22">Regadío, Alberto</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> alberto.regadio@uah.es</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Blanco%2C+Juan+José%22">Blanco, Juan José</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> juanjo.blanco@uah.es</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22García+Tejedor%2C+J%2E+Ignacio%22">García Tejedor, J. Ignacio</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ignacio.garcia@uah.es</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guerrero%2C+Carlo+Luis%22">Guerrero, Carlo Luis</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> carlo.guerrero@uah.es</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Strauss%2C+Du+Toit%22">Strauss, Du Toit</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> dutoit.strauss@nwu.ac.za</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Advances+in+Space+Research%22">Advances in Space Research</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 77 Issue 3, p3973-3982. 10p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neutron+counters%22">Neutron counters</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neutron+measurement%22">Neutron measurement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Simulation+software%22">Simulation software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cosmic+rays%22">Cosmic rays</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Frequency+spectra%22">Frequency spectra</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+simulation%22">Computer simulation</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This paper describes the simulation of a portable neutron monitor suited for cosmic ray observation by detecting secondary particles, mainly neutrons, produced in the interaction of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles with the atmosphere. These instruments are known as mini neutron monitors and we focus on one of these detectors called MiniCaLMa from mini Castilla-La Mancha Neutron Monitor which is based on BF 3 for neutron detection. The model was developed using Geant4 to characterize the detector response to neutron beams and Garfield++ to simulate the ion/electron pair avalanches produced by these interactions. Incremental tests have validated the accuracy of the Geant4 model with calibrated measurements from standard NM64 neutron monitors. In addition, the raw pulses generated by the combined Geant4 and Garfield++ simulations show a qualitative alignment with the experimentally measured pulses in the detector. The simulations successfully reproduced the proportional region providing accurate pulse height spectra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.asr.2025.12.009
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 10
        StartPage: 3973
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Neutron counters
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neutron measurement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Simulation software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cosmic rays
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Frequency spectra
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Computer simulation
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Modelization of the MiniCaLMa neutron monitor based on Geant4 and Garfield++.
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            NameFull: Regadío, Alberto
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            NameFull: Blanco, Juan José
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            NameFull: García Tejedor, J. Ignacio
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            NameFull: Guerrero, Carlo Luis
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            NameFull: Strauss, Du Toit
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            – D: 01
              M: 02
              Text: Feb2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 77
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            – TitleFull: Advances in Space Research
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