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Spectrum allocation with wavelength conversion for enhanced spectral efficiency in multi-band elastic optical networks.

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Title: Spectrum allocation with wavelength conversion for enhanced spectral efficiency in multi-band elastic optical networks.
Authors: Srivastava, Ruchi1 (AUTHOR) ruchi20@iitk.ac.in, Singh, Yatindra Nath1,2 (AUTHOR) ynsingh@iitk.ac.in
Source: Optical Fiber Technology. May2026, Vol. 98, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Spectrum allocation, Optical wavelength conversion, Network performance, Bit rate, Optical fiber networks, Modulation theory
Abstract: Multi-band elastic optical networks (MB-EONs) have emerged as a promising solution for enhancing transmission capacity by exploiting multiple spectral bands. However, when spectrum allocation is performed without wavelength conversion, a fundamental trade-off arises between spectral efficiency per connection and throughput per connection. Specifically, as additional spectral band combinations are introduced, the throughput per connection improves due to increased available bandwidth, whereas the spectral efficiency per connection degrades because of rigid spectrum and band continuity constraints. The first part of this study investigates this trade-off by evaluating the performance of different multi-band combinations under a without-wavelength-conversion (woC) spectrum allocation framework. To address the resulting loss in spectral efficiency, a wavelength-conversion-enabled (wC) spectrum allocation scheme is proposed, assuming the availability of wavelength converters at all network nodes. The proposed approach relaxes both spectrum and band continuity constraints, thereby enabling flexible per-link spectrum assignment while prioritizing the C-band during allocation. The C-band supports higher-order modulation formats and offers superior transmission characteristics. When combined with wavelength conversion, it allows different links along a path to independently select favorable modulation formats and spectral bands. This flexibility reduces the mean number of frequency slots (FSs) required per connection, which directly improves spectral efficiency across all considered spectral band combinations compared to the woC case. Simulation results obtained on the NSFNET and USNET topologies confirm that the wavelength-conversion-enabled allocation effectively enhances spectral efficiency by efficiently exploiting prioritized C-band resources. In particular, for the C+L band combination, the proposed scheme achieves an average spectral efficiency improvement of at least 0.6% compared to woC, albeit with a marginal reduction in throughput per connection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
Description
Abstract:Multi-band elastic optical networks (MB-EONs) have emerged as a promising solution for enhancing transmission capacity by exploiting multiple spectral bands. However, when spectrum allocation is performed without wavelength conversion, a fundamental trade-off arises between spectral efficiency per connection and throughput per connection. Specifically, as additional spectral band combinations are introduced, the throughput per connection improves due to increased available bandwidth, whereas the spectral efficiency per connection degrades because of rigid spectrum and band continuity constraints. The first part of this study investigates this trade-off by evaluating the performance of different multi-band combinations under a without-wavelength-conversion (woC) spectrum allocation framework. To address the resulting loss in spectral efficiency, a wavelength-conversion-enabled (wC) spectrum allocation scheme is proposed, assuming the availability of wavelength converters at all network nodes. The proposed approach relaxes both spectrum and band continuity constraints, thereby enabling flexible per-link spectrum assignment while prioritizing the C-band during allocation. The C-band supports higher-order modulation formats and offers superior transmission characteristics. When combined with wavelength conversion, it allows different links along a path to independently select favorable modulation formats and spectral bands. This flexibility reduces the mean number of frequency slots (FSs) required per connection, which directly improves spectral efficiency across all considered spectral band combinations compared to the woC case. Simulation results obtained on the NSFNET and USNET topologies confirm that the wavelength-conversion-enabled allocation effectively enhances spectral efficiency by efficiently exploiting prioritized C-band resources. In particular, for the C+L band combination, the proposed scheme achieves an average spectral efficiency improvement of at least 0.6% compared to woC, albeit with a marginal reduction in throughput per connection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:10685200
DOI:10.1016/j.yofte.2026.104554