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Strategically managing all electrodes in screen-printed platforms to enable high performance non-enzymatic 3D CuNi foam-based glucose sensors.

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Title: Strategically managing all electrodes in screen-printed platforms to enable high performance non-enzymatic 3D CuNi foam-based glucose sensors.
Authors: Kim, Doyoun1 (AUTHOR), Choi, Sueun1 (AUTHOR), Lim, Hyo-Ryoung1,2 (AUTHOR) limhyoryoung@pknu.ac.kr
Source: Microchemical Journal. Feb2026, Vol. 221, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Gold electrodes, Electrode performance, Printed electronics, Electroplating, Blood sugar monitors, Electrodes, Sensitivity analysis
Abstract: Non-enzymatic glucose sensors are attractive as enzyme-free alternatives offering improved stability, lower cost, and simpler fabrication. Screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) provide a scalable and low-cost platform, yet most studies focus only on the working electrode (WE), neglecting the counter (CE) and reference (RE) electrodes. Here, we present a non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on porous CuNi foam electrodeposited on the WE via a hydrogen bubble-assisted method. For the CE, platinum and gold were compared, with gold showing superior stability during sensing, attributed to lower surface reactivity. The RE was protected with Kapton tape during deposition to avoid electrode degradation. With these role-specific treatments, the sensor exhibited high sensitivity (518 μA mM−1 cm−2), excellent reproducibility (RSD < 4.83 %), detection of limit (LOD = 19.1 uM) and signal stability. These findings demonstrate that function-oriented optimization of all three electrodes, beyond the WE alone, enhances the reliability and analytical performance of non-enzymatic SPE-based glucose sensors. [Display omitted] • An electrode specific strategy optimizes all electrodes in a screen-printed platform. • CuNi porous foam grown via dynamic hydrogen bubble template (DHBT) boosts working electrode activity and sensitivity. • Gold counter electrode reduces polarization than platinum counter electrode, enhancing signal stability and clarity. • Protective masking of Ag reference electrode preserves potential stability and accuracy. • The integrated SPE sensor achieves 518 μAmM−1 cm−2 sensitivity with high reproducibility over 0.5–5 mM glucose concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
Description
Abstract:Non-enzymatic glucose sensors are attractive as enzyme-free alternatives offering improved stability, lower cost, and simpler fabrication. Screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) provide a scalable and low-cost platform, yet most studies focus only on the working electrode (WE), neglecting the counter (CE) and reference (RE) electrodes. Here, we present a non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on porous CuNi foam electrodeposited on the WE via a hydrogen bubble-assisted method. For the CE, platinum and gold were compared, with gold showing superior stability during sensing, attributed to lower surface reactivity. The RE was protected with Kapton tape during deposition to avoid electrode degradation. With these role-specific treatments, the sensor exhibited high sensitivity (518 μA mM−1 cm−2), excellent reproducibility (RSD < 4.83 %), detection of limit (LOD = 19.1 uM) and signal stability. These findings demonstrate that function-oriented optimization of all three electrodes, beyond the WE alone, enhances the reliability and analytical performance of non-enzymatic SPE-based glucose sensors. [Display omitted] • An electrode specific strategy optimizes all electrodes in a screen-printed platform. • CuNi porous foam grown via dynamic hydrogen bubble template (DHBT) boosts working electrode activity and sensitivity. • Gold counter electrode reduces polarization than platinum counter electrode, enhancing signal stability and clarity. • Protective masking of Ag reference electrode preserves potential stability and accuracy. • The integrated SPE sensor achieves 518 μAmM−1 cm−2 sensitivity with high reproducibility over 0.5–5 mM glucose concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:0026265X
DOI:10.1016/j.microc.2025.116783