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Strategically managing all electrodes in screen-printed platforms to enable high performance non-enzymatic 3D CuNi foam-based glucose sensors.

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Title: Strategically managing all electrodes in screen-printed platforms to enable high performance non-enzymatic 3D CuNi foam-based glucose sensors.
Authors: Kim, Doyoun1 (AUTHOR), Choi, Sueun1 (AUTHOR), Lim, Hyo-Ryoung1,2 (AUTHOR) limhyoryoung@pknu.ac.kr
Source: Microchemical Journal. Feb2026, Vol. 221, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Gold electrodes, Electrode performance, Printed electronics, Electroplating, Blood sugar monitors, Electrodes, Sensitivity analysis
Abstract: Non-enzymatic glucose sensors are attractive as enzyme-free alternatives offering improved stability, lower cost, and simpler fabrication. Screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) provide a scalable and low-cost platform, yet most studies focus only on the working electrode (WE), neglecting the counter (CE) and reference (RE) electrodes. Here, we present a non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on porous CuNi foam electrodeposited on the WE via a hydrogen bubble-assisted method. For the CE, platinum and gold were compared, with gold showing superior stability during sensing, attributed to lower surface reactivity. The RE was protected with Kapton tape during deposition to avoid electrode degradation. With these role-specific treatments, the sensor exhibited high sensitivity (518 μA mM−1 cm−2), excellent reproducibility (RSD < 4.83 %), detection of limit (LOD = 19.1 uM) and signal stability. These findings demonstrate that function-oriented optimization of all three electrodes, beyond the WE alone, enhances the reliability and analytical performance of non-enzymatic SPE-based glucose sensors. [Display omitted] • An electrode specific strategy optimizes all electrodes in a screen-printed platform. • CuNi porous foam grown via dynamic hydrogen bubble template (DHBT) boosts working electrode activity and sensitivity. • Gold counter electrode reduces polarization than platinum counter electrode, enhancing signal stability and clarity. • Protective masking of Ag reference electrode preserves potential stability and accuracy. • The integrated SPE sensor achieves 518 μAmM−1 cm−2 sensitivity with high reproducibility over 0.5–5 mM glucose concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Microchemical Journal is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 191322626
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Data: Strategically managing all electrodes in screen-printed platforms to enable high performance non-enzymatic 3D CuNi foam-based glucose sensors.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Non-enzymatic glucose sensors are attractive as enzyme-free alternatives offering improved stability, lower cost, and simpler fabrication. Screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) provide a scalable and low-cost platform, yet most studies focus only on the working electrode (WE), neglecting the counter (CE) and reference (RE) electrodes. Here, we present a non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on porous CuNi foam electrodeposited on the WE via a hydrogen bubble-assisted method. For the CE, platinum and gold were compared, with gold showing superior stability during sensing, attributed to lower surface reactivity. The RE was protected with Kapton tape during deposition to avoid electrode degradation. With these role-specific treatments, the sensor exhibited high sensitivity (518 μA mM−1 cm−2), excellent reproducibility (RSD &lt; 4.83 %), detection of limit (LOD = 19.1 uM) and signal stability. These findings demonstrate that function-oriented optimization of all three electrodes, beyond the WE alone, enhances the reliability and analytical performance of non-enzymatic SPE-based glucose sensors. [Display omitted] • An electrode specific strategy optimizes all electrodes in a screen-printed platform. • CuNi porous foam grown via dynamic hydrogen bubble template (DHBT) boosts working electrode activity and sensitivity. • Gold counter electrode reduces polarization than platinum counter electrode, enhancing signal stability and clarity. • Protective masking of Ag reference electrode preserves potential stability and accuracy. • The integrated SPE sensor achieves 518 μAmM−1 cm−2 sensitivity with high reproducibility over 0.5–5 mM glucose concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Microchemical Journal is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.116783
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Gold electrodes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electrode performance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Printed electronics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electroplating
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Blood sugar monitors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electrodes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sensitivity analysis
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Strategically managing all electrodes in screen-printed platforms to enable high performance non-enzymatic 3D CuNi foam-based glucose sensors.
        Type: main
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          Name:
            NameFull: Kim, Doyoun
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            NameFull: Choi, Sueun
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          Name:
            NameFull: Lim, Hyo-Ryoung
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 02
              Text: Feb2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 0026265X
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              Value: 221
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            – TitleFull: Microchemical Journal
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