Trade dependence and cultural distance: An analysis of economic interactions and humanistic exchanges between China and ASEAN countries.

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Title: Trade dependence and cultural distance: An analysis of economic interactions and humanistic exchanges between China and ASEAN countries.
Authors: Li, Hanhui1 (AUTHOR) lihanhui@fzfu.edu.cn, Pamintuan, Cavin2 (AUTHOR), Nisar, Asad3 (AUTHOR), Rafique, Rabia3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Natural Resources Forum. Feb2026, Vol. 50 Issue 1, p84-104. 21p.
Subjects: Cultural relations, Countries, Social exchange, Cross-cultural differences, Commercial treaties, International economic relations, ASEAN, Dependency theory (International relations), Economic conditions in Asia
Geographic Terms: China
Abstract: This study examines the influence of trade dependence, encompassing both export and import dependence, and economic dependence on cultural distance within the context of China and ASEAN countries from 1995 to 2020. Employing random‐effects models and, we investigate the impact of these dependencies on cultural distance and explore the moderating effects of humanistic exchange. Our findings reveal that trade dependence, export dependence, import dependence, and economic dependence exert negative effects on cultural distance between China and ASEAN countries. These findings are supported by the robustness test. We further analyze the moderating effects of humanistic exchange on the relationship between trade dependence, economic dependence, and cultural distance, confirming significant moderating effects specifically for trade dependence. Additionally, we observe that regional trade agreements and cultural exchange programs have heterogeneous effects on the relationship between trade and economic dependence and cultural distance, particularly among China and ASEAN countries with established agreements and programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Natural Resources Forum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Trade dependence and cultural distance: An analysis of economic interactions and humanistic exchanges between China and ASEAN countries.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Hanhui%22">Li, Hanhui</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> lihanhui@fzfu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pamintuan%2C+Cavin%22">Pamintuan, Cavin</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nisar%2C+Asad%22">Nisar, Asad</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rafique%2C+Rabia%22">Rafique, Rabia</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Natural+Resources+Forum%22">Natural Resources Forum</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 50 Issue 1, p84-104. 21p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cultural+relations%22">Cultural relations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Countries%22">Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+exchange%22">Social exchange</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cross-cultural+differences%22">Cross-cultural differences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Commercial+treaties%22">Commercial treaties</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22International+economic+relations%22">International economic relations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22ASEAN%22">ASEAN</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dependency+theory+%28International+relations%29%22">Dependency theory (International relations)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Economic+conditions+in+Asia%22">Economic conditions in Asia</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22China%22">China</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: This study examines the influence of trade dependence, encompassing both export and import dependence, and economic dependence on cultural distance within the context of China and ASEAN countries from 1995 to 2020. Employing random‐effects models and, we investigate the impact of these dependencies on cultural distance and explore the moderating effects of humanistic exchange. Our findings reveal that trade dependence, export dependence, import dependence, and economic dependence exert negative effects on cultural distance between China and ASEAN countries. These findings are supported by the robustness test. We further analyze the moderating effects of humanistic exchange on the relationship between trade dependence, economic dependence, and cultural distance, confirming significant moderating effects specifically for trade dependence. Additionally, we observe that regional trade agreements and cultural exchange programs have heterogeneous effects on the relationship between trade and economic dependence and cultural distance, particularly among China and ASEAN countries with established agreements and programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Natural Resources Forum is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/1477-8947.12562
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 84
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Cultural relations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social exchange
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cross-cultural differences
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Commercial treaties
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: International economic relations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: ASEAN
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dependency theory (International relations)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Economic conditions in Asia
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: China
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Trade dependence and cultural distance: An analysis of economic interactions and humanistic exchanges between China and ASEAN countries.
        Type: main
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          Name:
            NameFull: Li, Hanhui
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            NameFull: Pamintuan, Cavin
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            NameFull: Nisar, Asad
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            NameFull: Rafique, Rabia
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            – D: 01
              M: 02
              Text: Feb2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 50
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