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Leakage and Rotordynamic Stability Optimization of Labyrinth Seals.

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Title: Leakage and Rotordynamic Stability Optimization of Labyrinth Seals.
Authors: Lee, Jeongin1 (AUTHOR), Kim, Hee-Seok2 (AUTHOR), Suh, Junho3 (AUTHOR) junhosuh@pnu.edu, Kim, Jong-Hyoung4 (AUTHOR) jongkim@kitech.re.kr
Source: Tribology Transactions. Jan/Feb2026, Vol. 69 Issue 1, p1-13. 13p.
Subjects: Rotor dynamics, Multi-objective optimization, Multidisciplinary design optimization, Gaskets, Fluid flow, Cost functions
Abstract: This study aimed to design a labyrinth seal that optimizes both sealing performance and rotordynamic stability. The leakage flow rate and dynamic characteristics of the labyrinth seal were evaluated using a bulk flow model. The dynamic properties of the seal and bearings were incorporated into the rotordynamic analysis via linearized stiffness and damping coefficients. The design variables included the cavity geometry and inlet swirl ratio, accounting for the effect of inlet swirl velocity. Rotordynamic stability was evaluated using the amplification factor, separation margin, logarithmic decrement, and unbalanced response. An in-house code was developed to conduct a stability analysis of the rotor system, considering the geometry and dynamic characteristics of the labyrinth seals. A multiobjective genetic algorithm (MOGA) was utilized to design the labyrinth seal, considering various objective functions. The Pareto front of the optimal geometry at various inlet pressures demonstrated a tradeoff between the leakage flow and rotordynamic stability. Compared to the traditional full-factorial design method, the MOGA-based design method achieved optimal designs with a significantly reduced computational cost, exploring only 0.012% of the entire design space. Despite this, the method yielded a Pareto front comparable to the nondominated solutions of the traditional optimization method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Tribology Transactions is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Leakage and Rotordynamic Stability Optimization of Labyrinth Seals.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Tribology+Transactions%22">Tribology Transactions</searchLink>. Jan/Feb2026, Vol. 69 Issue 1, p1-13. 13p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rotor+dynamics%22">Rotor dynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multi-objective+optimization%22">Multi-objective optimization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multidisciplinary+design+optimization%22">Multidisciplinary design optimization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gaskets%22">Gaskets</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fluid+flow%22">Fluid flow</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cost+functions%22">Cost functions</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This study aimed to design a labyrinth seal that optimizes both sealing performance and rotordynamic stability. The leakage flow rate and dynamic characteristics of the labyrinth seal were evaluated using a bulk flow model. The dynamic properties of the seal and bearings were incorporated into the rotordynamic analysis via linearized stiffness and damping coefficients. The design variables included the cavity geometry and inlet swirl ratio, accounting for the effect of inlet swirl velocity. Rotordynamic stability was evaluated using the amplification factor, separation margin, logarithmic decrement, and unbalanced response. An in-house code was developed to conduct a stability analysis of the rotor system, considering the geometry and dynamic characteristics of the labyrinth seals. A multiobjective genetic algorithm (MOGA) was utilized to design the labyrinth seal, considering various objective functions. The Pareto front of the optimal geometry at various inlet pressures demonstrated a tradeoff between the leakage flow and rotordynamic stability. Compared to the traditional full-factorial design method, the MOGA-based design method achieved optimal designs with a significantly reduced computational cost, exploring only 0.012% of the entire design space. Despite this, the method yielded a Pareto front comparable to the nondominated solutions of the traditional optimization method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Tribology Transactions is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/10402004.2025.2479061
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 13
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      – SubjectFull: Rotor dynamics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multi-objective optimization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multidisciplinary design optimization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gaskets
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fluid flow
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      – SubjectFull: Cost functions
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Leakage and Rotordynamic Stability Optimization of Labyrinth Seals.
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            NameFull: Lee, Jeongin
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            NameFull: Kim, Hee-Seok
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            NameFull: Suh, Junho
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            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Text: Jan/Feb2026
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              Y: 2026
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