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Automaticity speeds the retrieval of instances from the human hippocampus.

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Title: Automaticity speeds the retrieval of instances from the human hippocampus.
Authors: Zhang, Yuanyuan1,2,3, Chen, Junxi4, Woodman, Geoffrey F.5,6, Lin, Rongqi1,2,3, Cheng, Fuyong7 chenfy@hku-szh.org, Weng, Xuchu2 wengxc@psych.ac.cn, Jensen, Ole8, Theeuwes, Jan3, Wang, Benchi2 wangbenchi.swift@gmail.com
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 11/4/2025, Vol. 122 Issue 44, p1-10. 14p.
Subjects: Automaticity (Learning process), Theta rhythm, Learning, Recollection (Psychology), Electrophysiology, Hippocampus development, Expertise
Abstract: Automatic processing allows humans to perform tasks with minimal effort following learning. Although theories of automaticity propose that learning should result in faster processing, studies have universally found that learning reduces the amplitude of neural activity, not that it speeds neural activity. Here, we show that with intracranial activity recorded from the hippocampus of twenty-two humans, we could decode the target the participant was about to report faster across learning. Theta oscillations in the hippocampus afforded faster decoding of the to-be-reported target as learning progressed, unlike in prefrontal and temporal regions of the cortex. Furthermore, hippocampal ripples (70 to 180 Hz bursts) appear to support memory retrieval after learning established automaticity. Our findings demonstrate that the hippocampus plays a key role in speeding memory retrieval of previous learning episodes as humans gain expertise, supporting a critical but untested prediction of learning theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Automaticity speeds the retrieval of instances from the human hippocampus.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Yuanyuan%22">Zhang, Yuanyuan</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Junxi%22">Chen, Junxi</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Woodman%2C+Geoffrey+F%2E%22">Woodman, Geoffrey F.</searchLink><relatesTo>5,6</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lin%2C+Rongqi%22">Lin, Rongqi</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cheng%2C+Fuyong%22">Cheng, Fuyong</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo><i> chenfy@hku-szh.org</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Weng%2C+Xuchu%22">Weng, Xuchu</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> wengxc@psych.ac.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jensen%2C+Ole%22">Jensen, Ole</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Theeuwes%2C+Jan%22">Theeuwes, Jan</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Benchi%22">Wang, Benchi</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> wangbenchi.swift@gmail.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America%22">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</searchLink>. 11/4/2025, Vol. 122 Issue 44, p1-10. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Automaticity+%28Learning+process%29%22">Automaticity (Learning process)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Theta+rhythm%22">Theta rhythm</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Learning%22">Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Recollection+%28Psychology%29%22">Recollection (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrophysiology%22">Electrophysiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hippocampus+development%22">Hippocampus development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Expertise%22">Expertise</searchLink>
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  Data: Automatic processing allows humans to perform tasks with minimal effort following learning. Although theories of automaticity propose that learning should result in faster processing, studies have universally found that learning reduces the amplitude of neural activity, not that it speeds neural activity. Here, we show that with intracranial activity recorded from the hippocampus of twenty-two humans, we could decode the target the participant was about to report faster across learning. Theta oscillations in the hippocampus afforded faster decoding of the to-be-reported target as learning progressed, unlike in prefrontal and temporal regions of the cortex. Furthermore, hippocampal ripples (70 to 180 Hz bursts) appear to support memory retrieval after learning established automaticity. Our findings demonstrate that the hippocampus plays a key role in speeding memory retrieval of previous learning episodes as humans gain expertise, supporting a critical but untested prediction of learning theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1073/pnas.2518523122
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 14
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Automaticity (Learning process)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Theta rhythm
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Learning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Recollection (Psychology)
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      – SubjectFull: Electrophysiology
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      – SubjectFull: Hippocampus development
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      – SubjectFull: Expertise
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      – TitleFull: Automaticity speeds the retrieval of instances from the human hippocampus.
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            – D: 04
              M: 11
              Text: 11/4/2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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