Computational Investigation on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Low-Aspect-Ratio NACA 4412 Wings in Low-Re Flows: Comparative Study on CFD and Panel Methods.
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| Title: | Computational Investigation on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Low-Aspect-Ratio NACA 4412 Wings in Low-Re Flows: Comparative Study on CFD and Panel Methods. |
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| Authors: | Eraslan, Y.1 (AUTHOR) yukseleraslan@tarsus.edu.tr, Sumnu, A.2 (AUTHOR) ahmet.sumnu@iste.edu.tr |
| Source: | Fluid Dynamics. Dec2025, Vol. 60 Issue 8, p1-21. 21p. |
| Subjects: | Computational fluid dynamics, Vortex lattice method, Aerodynamics, Turbulence, Laminar flow, Aspect ratio (Aerofoils), Aerofoils, Boundary element methods |
| Abstract: | This study presents a comprehensive evaluation and comparison on the performances of the vortex lattice method (VLM), the 3D-panel method (PM), and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods for the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations and large-eddy simulation (LES) in predicting aerodynamic characteristics of low-aspect-ratio wings in low-Reynolds number flows. The primary aim is to investigate the capability of the models in capturing separation bubbles and complex flow behaviors with a particular focus on a wide range of high angles of attack. Accordingly, the low-aspect-ratio (AR = 1 and AR = 3) wings with a well-known NACA 4412 airfoil have been modelled and investigated at the Reynolds numbers 2.5 × 104 and 7.5 × 104 using the aforementioned methods to make a comparison on lift and drag prediction capabilities. The grid independence studies are conducted for both methods and ensure that the results are independent of the number of mesh or panel elements. Initially, the results of VLM and PM are compared with the RANS CFD analysis results carried out using k–kL–ω transition turbulence model. The further analyses are performed using various turbulence models (RNG k–ε, transition SST, k–kL–ω transition, realizable k–ε models), and the results are compared with large-eddy simulation (LES) analyses and the experimental wind tunnel data available in literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Fluid Dynamics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 191606121 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Computational Investigation on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Low-Aspect-Ratio NACA 4412 Wings in Low-Re Flows: Comparative Study on CFD and Panel Methods. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eraslan%2C+Y%2E%22">Eraslan, Y.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> yukseleraslan@tarsus.edu.tr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sumnu%2C+A%2E%22">Sumnu, A.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ahmet.sumnu@iste.edu.tr</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Fluid+Dynamics%22">Fluid Dynamics</searchLink>. Dec2025, Vol. 60 Issue 8, p1-21. 21p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computational+fluid+dynamics%22">Computational fluid dynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vortex+lattice+method%22">Vortex lattice method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aerodynamics%22">Aerodynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Turbulence%22">Turbulence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Laminar+flow%22">Laminar flow</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aspect+ratio+%28Aerofoils%29%22">Aspect ratio (Aerofoils)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aerofoils%22">Aerofoils</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Boundary+element+methods%22">Boundary element methods</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: This study presents a comprehensive evaluation and comparison on the performances of the vortex lattice method (VLM), the 3D-panel method (PM), and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods for the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations and large-eddy simulation (LES) in predicting aerodynamic characteristics of low-aspect-ratio wings in low-Reynolds number flows. The primary aim is to investigate the capability of the models in capturing separation bubbles and complex flow behaviors with a particular focus on a wide range of high angles of attack. Accordingly, the low-aspect-ratio (AR = 1 and AR = 3) wings with a well-known NACA 4412 airfoil have been modelled and investigated at the Reynolds numbers 2.5 × 104 and 7.5 × 104 using the aforementioned methods to make a comparison on lift and drag prediction capabilities. The grid independence studies are conducted for both methods and ensure that the results are independent of the number of mesh or panel elements. Initially, the results of VLM and PM are compared with the RANS CFD analysis results carried out using k–kL–ω transition turbulence model. The further analyses are performed using various turbulence models (RNG k–ε, transition SST, k–kL–ω transition, realizable k–ε models), and the results are compared with large-eddy simulation (LES) analyses and the experimental wind tunnel data available in literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Fluid Dynamics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1134/S0015462825602712 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 21 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Computational fluid dynamics Type: general – SubjectFull: Vortex lattice method Type: general – SubjectFull: Aerodynamics Type: general – SubjectFull: Turbulence Type: general – SubjectFull: Laminar flow Type: general – SubjectFull: Aspect ratio (Aerofoils) Type: general – SubjectFull: Aerofoils Type: general – SubjectFull: Boundary element methods Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Computational Investigation on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Low-Aspect-Ratio NACA 4412 Wings in Low-Re Flows: Comparative Study on CFD and Panel Methods. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Eraslan, Y. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Sumnu, A. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 22 M: 12 Text: Dec2025 Type: published Y: 2025 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00154628 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 60 – Type: issue Value: 8 Titles: – TitleFull: Fluid Dynamics Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
