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Conjugation of Functionalized Gold Nanorods and Copper (I)-Based Drug: An Anisotropic Nano Drug Delivery System.

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Title: Conjugation of Functionalized Gold Nanorods and Copper (I)-Based Drug: An Anisotropic Nano Drug Delivery System.
Authors: Olivieri, Elena1 (AUTHOR), Amatori, Simone1,2 (AUTHOR), Battocchio, Chiara1,3 (AUTHOR), Iucci, Giovanna1,4 (AUTHOR), Marsotto, Martina1,3,5 (AUTHOR), Lipani, Diego1,6 (AUTHOR), Calcabrini, Annarica4,7 (AUTHOR), Colone, Marisa1,4 (AUTHOR), Stringaro, Annarita2,4 (AUTHOR), Dupuis, Maria Luisa3,4 (AUTHOR), Ammirati, Giuseppe4,5 (AUTHOR), Paladini, Alessandra5 (AUTHOR), Toschi, Francesco5,6 (AUTHOR), Pellei, Maura6,7 (AUTHOR), Santini, Carlo6 (AUTHOR), Caviglia, Miriam6 (AUTHOR), Del Gobbo, Jo'6 (AUTHOR), Tortora, Luca1 (AUTHOR), Marconi, Eleonora1 (AUTHOR), Maraloiu, Valentin-Adrian7 (AUTHOR)
Source: Nanomaterials (2079-4991). Feb2026, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p217. 17p.
Subjects: Drug delivery systems, Nanorods, Nanostructured materials, Surface plasmon resonance, Spectrometry, Biocompatibility, Surface coatings
Abstract: Gold nanorods (AuNRs) were synthesized and optimized with the aim of obtaining strongly hydrophilic nanomaterials, suitable as a drug delivery system (DDS) for copper-based drugs. After careful purification, AuNRs were characterized by ultraviolet–visible–near-infrared spectroscopy (UV–Vis–NIR), showing two typical localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) bands in the range 550–750 nm. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and high-resolution X-ray photoelectron (HR-XPS) spectroscopies verified the surface functionalization. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed AuNRs with regular shape and size, with an aspect ratio (AR) of 2.6. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) measurements confirmed the size and the stability in water for up to 3 months. The AuNRs were conjugated with copper(I) drugs, i.e., [Cu(PTA)4]BF4 (PTA = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphadamantane). The drug loading procedures and efficiency were optimized, and the best loading was η (%) = 50 ± 7%. The non-covalent interactions of the Cu(I) complex with the AuNRs were studied by means of UV–Vis–NIR, ζ-potential, HR-TEM, FT-IR, synchrotron radiation-induced X-ray photoelectron (SR-XPS), and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy measurements. The MTT assay performed on Vero E6 cells showed that AuNRs and AuNR-Cu(I) conjugates had no significant effect on cell viability, being biocompatible, causing a reduction in cell viability only after prolonged exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Conjugation of Functionalized Gold Nanorods and Copper (I)-Based Drug: An Anisotropic Nano Drug Delivery System.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nanomaterials+%282079-4991%29%22">Nanomaterials (2079-4991)</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p217. 17p.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Gold nanorods (AuNRs) were synthesized and optimized with the aim of obtaining strongly hydrophilic nanomaterials, suitable as a drug delivery system (DDS) for copper-based drugs. After careful purification, AuNRs were characterized by ultraviolet–visible–near-infrared spectroscopy (UV–Vis–NIR), showing two typical localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) bands in the range 550–750 nm. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and high-resolution X-ray photoelectron (HR-XPS) spectroscopies verified the surface functionalization. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed AuNRs with regular shape and size, with an aspect ratio (AR) of 2.6. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) measurements confirmed the size and the stability in water for up to 3 months. The AuNRs were conjugated with copper(I) drugs, i.e., [Cu(PTA)4]BF4 (PTA = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphadamantane). The drug loading procedures and efficiency were optimized, and the best loading was η (%) = 50 ± 7%. The non-covalent interactions of the Cu(I) complex with the AuNRs were studied by means of UV–Vis–NIR, ζ-potential, HR-TEM, FT-IR, synchrotron radiation-induced X-ray photoelectron (SR-XPS), and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy measurements. The MTT assay performed on Vero E6 cells showed that AuNRs and AuNR-Cu(I) conjugates had no significant effect on cell viability, being biocompatible, causing a reduction in cell viability only after prolonged exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/nano16030217
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 217
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      – SubjectFull: Drug delivery systems
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      – SubjectFull: Nanorods
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      – SubjectFull: Nanostructured materials
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      – SubjectFull: Surface coatings
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