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A Thorough Systematic Conformational Study of an Experimentally Known Lantern‐Like Superphane.

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Title: A Thorough Systematic Conformational Study of an Experimentally Known Lantern‐Like Superphane.
Authors: Eilmes, Andrzej1 (AUTHOR), Jabłoński, Mirosław2 (AUTHOR) teojab@chem.umk.pl
Source: Journal of Computational Chemistry. 2/15/2026, Vol. 47 Issue 5, p1-19. 19p.
Subjects: Conformational analysis, Nitrogen, Density functionals, Molecular structure, Cyclophanes, Dispersive interactions, Molecular dynamics
Abstract: The results of a thorough, systematic conformational study of the experimentally known lantern‐like superphane, SP, are presented. It is shown that in SP, the relative energies of the lowest‐energy conformers within a given type increase with the number of imine nitrogen atoms pointing inward the SP cage (Nin$$ {N}_{\mathrm{in}} $$). Thus, the conformer with all outward‐pointing N atoms is the most energetically stable. The most energetically stable conformers of the types with Nin≤2$$ {N}_{\mathrm{in}}\le 2 $$ have a pinwheel structure, whereas those of types with Nin≥6$$ {N}_{\mathrm{in}}\ge 6 $$, on the contrary, feature rosette‐like structures. Both DFT‐based and GFN2‐xTB‐based minima searches are performed. Both these methods locate the same minima, and the energies correlate fairly well. The latter method, however, gives smaller energetic differences between conformers, and dispersion effects are more pronounced. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations show that periods of low potential energy are related mainly to conformers with low Nin$$ {N}_{\mathrm{in}} $$, close to 4. Structures with 3≤Nin≤5$$ 3\le {N}_{\mathrm{in}}\le 5 $$ are more abundant than those with Nin<2$$ {N}_{\mathrm{in}}<2 $$. The influence of dispersion, electrostatic interactions, and angular stresses on the structural motifs of SP conformers and their energies is also investigated. The stabilizing effect due to dispersion decreases with increasing Nin$$ {N}_{\mathrm{in}} $$, and rosettes are more stabilized than pinwheels. The high relative energies of the Nin=12$$ {N}_{\mathrm{in}}=12 $$ conformers result from the unfavorable barrel‐shaped structure, which leads to high angular stresses. We propose several possibilities for the experimental (based on IR spectra) determination of the conformational type of the SP superphane (i.e., determination of the putative number Nin$$ {N}_{\mathrm{in}} $$). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Computational Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: The results of a thorough, systematic conformational study of the experimentally known lantern‐like superphane, SP, are presented. It is shown that in SP, the relative energies of the lowest‐energy conformers within a given type increase with the number of imine nitrogen atoms pointing inward the SP cage (Nin$$ {N}_{\mathrm{in}} $$). Thus, the conformer with all outward‐pointing N atoms is the most energetically stable. The most energetically stable conformers of the types with Nin≤2$$ {N}_{\mathrm{in}}\le 2 $$ have a pinwheel structure, whereas those of types with Nin≥6$$ {N}_{\mathrm{in}}\ge 6 $$, on the contrary, feature rosette‐like structures. Both DFT‐based and GFN2‐xTB‐based minima searches are performed. Both these methods locate the same minima, and the energies correlate fairly well. The latter method, however, gives smaller energetic differences between conformers, and dispersion effects are more pronounced. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations show that periods of low potential energy are related mainly to conformers with low Nin$$ {N}_{\mathrm{in}} $$, close to 4. Structures with 3≤Nin≤5$$ 3\le {N}_{\mathrm{in}}\le 5 $$ are more abundant than those with Nin&lt;2$$ {N}_{\mathrm{in}}&lt;2 $$. The influence of dispersion, electrostatic interactions, and angular stresses on the structural motifs of SP conformers and their energies is also investigated. The stabilizing effect due to dispersion decreases with increasing Nin$$ {N}_{\mathrm{in}} $$, and rosettes are more stabilized than pinwheels. The high relative energies of the Nin=12$$ {N}_{\mathrm{in}}=12 $$ conformers result from the unfavorable barrel‐shaped structure, which leads to high angular stresses. We propose several possibilities for the experimental (based on IR spectra) determination of the conformational type of the SP superphane (i.e., determination of the putative number Nin$$ {N}_{\mathrm{in}} $$). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Journal of Computational Chemistry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1002/jcc.70326
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 19
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Conformational analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nitrogen
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Density functionals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Molecular structure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cyclophanes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dispersive interactions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Molecular dynamics
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: A Thorough Systematic Conformational Study of an Experimentally Known Lantern‐Like Superphane.
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            NameFull: Eilmes, Andrzej
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            NameFull: Jabłoński, Mirosław
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            – D: 15
              M: 02
              Text: 2/15/2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 01928651
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              Value: 47
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              Value: 5
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Computational Chemistry
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