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A novel classification method for non-magnetic metals with complex surfaces.

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Title: A novel classification method for non-magnetic metals with complex surfaces.
Authors: Xu, Yuanchao1 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Zhijie1 (AUTHOR) zhangzhijie@nuc.edu.cn, Yin, Wuliang2 (AUTHOR), Li, Yingzhe1 (AUTHOR), Liu, Yan1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Nondestructive Testing & Evaluation. Mar2026, Vol. 41 Issue 3, p1612-1629. 18p.
Subjects: Classification, Eddy current testing, Image recognition (Computer vision), Nonferrous metals, Circular economy, Rough surfaces, Waste recycling
Abstract: Metals have extremely high recycling value, and recycling and classification of metals using eddy current sensing technology can promote the sustainable utilisation of resources. Whereas most of the current research focuses on planar metals, the study of metals with complex surfaces is still insufficient. For the latter, the distance and angle between the sensor and the measured surface are constantly changing, which will seriously affect the classification accuracy. To address this problem, this paper proposes a novel method for classification that is immune to the complex surfaces of the samples. First, the equivalent height method is proposed, by which the metal samples with complex surfaces are converted into planar samples with equivalent heights. Then, image recognition technology is used to access the height information of the sample, and eddy current sensing technology is combined to eliminate the influence of height on the classification accuracy. After experimental verification, the classification accuracy of this method is 96.67%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nondestructive Testing & Evaluation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 191615386
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: A novel classification method for non-magnetic metals with complex surfaces.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xu%2C+Yuanchao%22">Xu, Yuanchao</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Zhijie%22">Zhang, Zhijie</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> zhangzhijie@nuc.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yin%2C+Wuliang%22">Yin, Wuliang</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Yingzhe%22">Li, Yingzhe</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Yan%22">Liu, Yan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nondestructive+Testing+%26+Evaluation%22">Nondestructive Testing & Evaluation</searchLink>. Mar2026, Vol. 41 Issue 3, p1612-1629. 18p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Classification%22">Classification</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Eddy+current+testing%22">Eddy current testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Image+recognition+%28Computer+vision%29%22">Image recognition (Computer vision)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nonferrous+metals%22">Nonferrous metals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Circular+economy%22">Circular economy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rough+surfaces%22">Rough surfaces</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Waste+recycling%22">Waste recycling</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Metals have extremely high recycling value, and recycling and classification of metals using eddy current sensing technology can promote the sustainable utilisation of resources. Whereas most of the current research focuses on planar metals, the study of metals with complex surfaces is still insufficient. For the latter, the distance and angle between the sensor and the measured surface are constantly changing, which will seriously affect the classification accuracy. To address this problem, this paper proposes a novel method for classification that is immune to the complex surfaces of the samples. First, the equivalent height method is proposed, by which the metal samples with complex surfaces are converted into planar samples with equivalent heights. Then, image recognition technology is used to access the height information of the sample, and eddy current sensing technology is combined to eliminate the influence of height on the classification accuracy. After experimental verification, the classification accuracy of this method is 96.67%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Nondestructive Testing & Evaluation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/10589759.2025.2502152
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
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        PageCount: 18
        StartPage: 1612
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Classification
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Eddy current testing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Image recognition (Computer vision)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nonferrous metals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Circular economy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rough surfaces
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Waste recycling
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: A novel classification method for non-magnetic metals with complex surfaces.
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          Name:
            NameFull: Xu, Yuanchao
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            NameFull: Zhang, Zhijie
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            NameFull: Yin, Wuliang
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            NameFull: Li, Yingzhe
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            NameFull: Liu, Yan
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            – D: 01
              M: 03
              Text: Mar2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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