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NaHCO3-Assisted Synthesis of Ni-Promoted Sulfated Mesoporous Silica for the Hydrocracking of Used Cooking Oil into Biogasoline.

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Title: NaHCO3-Assisted Synthesis of Ni-Promoted Sulfated Mesoporous Silica for the Hydrocracking of Used Cooking Oil into Biogasoline.
Authors: Wijaya, Karna1 karnawijaya@ugm.ac.id, Vebryana, Marini Fairuz1, Prasetyo, Niko1, Saviola, Aldino Javier1, Saputri, Wahyu Dita2, Amin, Amalia Kurnia3, Hauli, Latifah4, Gea, Saharman5
Source: Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis. Apr2026, Vol. 21 Issue 1, p149-167. 19p.
Subjects: Hydrocracking, Catalysts, Sodium bicarbonate, Catalyst synthesis, Edible fats & oils, Biomass energy, Waste products as fuel
Abstract: Biofuel production from biomass sources remains a key area of research, aimed at reducing reliance on fossil fuels and promoting environmental sustainability. This study investigates the conversion of used cooking oil (UCO) into biogasoline via catalytic hydrocracking, employing sulfated mesoporous silica dispersed with nickel as the catalyst. Mesoporous silica was synthesized using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and NaHCO3 as the template, followed by a hydrothermal method to introduce sulfate groups and nickel metal. Among the synthesized catalysts, SMS-2 exhibited the highest acidity across varying sulfuric acid concentrations, while 1 Ni/SMS-2 demonstrated superior acidity compared to other nickel loadings. The SiO2, SMS-2, and 1 Ni/SMS-2 catalysts were evaluated for UCO hydrocracking in a semi-batch double-furnace reactor operated at an optimum temperature of 550 °C for 2 h, with a hydrogen flow rate of 20 mL.min-1 under atmospheric pressure. Modifying mesoporous silica with sulfuric acid and nickel significantly enhanced its catalytic performance, with the 1 Ni/SMS-2 catalyst achieving the highest liquid product yield (66.10%) and gasoline fraction (35.47%) at an optimum catalyst-to-feed ratio of 1:100 (w/w). Notably, the resulting biogasoline exhibited a calorific value comparable to commercial gasoline and was free of aromatic hydrocarbons, indicating the potential for cleaner combustion. This study provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of mesoporous silica-based catalysts, highlighting their acid site modulation capabilities for efficiently transforming waste into high-value fuels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis is the property of Universitas Diponegoro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: NaHCO<subscript>3</subscript>-Assisted Synthesis of Ni-Promoted Sulfated Mesoporous Silica for the Hydrocracking of Used Cooking Oil into Biogasoline.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wijaya%2C+Karna%22">Wijaya, Karna</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> karnawijaya@ugm.ac.id</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vebryana%2C+Marini+Fairuz%22">Vebryana, Marini Fairuz</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Prasetyo%2C+Niko%22">Prasetyo, Niko</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Saviola%2C+Aldino+Javier%22">Saviola, Aldino Javier</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Saputri%2C+Wahyu+Dita%22">Saputri, Wahyu Dita</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Amin%2C+Amalia+Kurnia%22">Amin, Amalia Kurnia</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hauli%2C+Latifah%22">Hauli, Latifah</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gea%2C+Saharman%22">Gea, Saharman</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Bulletin+of+Chemical+Reaction+Engineering+%26+Catalysis%22">Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis</searchLink>. Apr2026, Vol. 21 Issue 1, p149-167. 19p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrocracking%22">Hydrocracking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Catalysts%22">Catalysts</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sodium+bicarbonate%22">Sodium bicarbonate</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Catalyst+synthesis%22">Catalyst synthesis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Edible+fats+%26+oils%22">Edible fats & oils</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biomass+energy%22">Biomass energy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Waste+products+as+fuel%22">Waste products as fuel</searchLink>
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  Data: Biofuel production from biomass sources remains a key area of research, aimed at reducing reliance on fossil fuels and promoting environmental sustainability. This study investigates the conversion of used cooking oil (UCO) into biogasoline via catalytic hydrocracking, employing sulfated mesoporous silica dispersed with nickel as the catalyst. Mesoporous silica was synthesized using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and NaHCO3 as the template, followed by a hydrothermal method to introduce sulfate groups and nickel metal. Among the synthesized catalysts, SMS-2 exhibited the highest acidity across varying sulfuric acid concentrations, while 1 Ni/SMS-2 demonstrated superior acidity compared to other nickel loadings. The SiO2, SMS-2, and 1 Ni/SMS-2 catalysts were evaluated for UCO hydrocracking in a semi-batch double-furnace reactor operated at an optimum temperature of 550 °C for 2 h, with a hydrogen flow rate of 20 mL.min-1 under atmospheric pressure. Modifying mesoporous silica with sulfuric acid and nickel significantly enhanced its catalytic performance, with the 1 Ni/SMS-2 catalyst achieving the highest liquid product yield (66.10%) and gasoline fraction (35.47%) at an optimum catalyst-to-feed ratio of 1:100 (w/w). Notably, the resulting biogasoline exhibited a calorific value comparable to commercial gasoline and was free of aromatic hydrocarbons, indicating the potential for cleaner combustion. This study provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of mesoporous silica-based catalysts, highlighting their acid site modulation capabilities for efficiently transforming waste into high-value fuels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis is the property of Universitas Diponegoro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.9767/bcrec.20531
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 19
        StartPage: 149
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Hydrocracking
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Catalysts
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sodium bicarbonate
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Catalyst synthesis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Edible fats & oils
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Biomass energy
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      – SubjectFull: Waste products as fuel
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: NaHCO3-Assisted Synthesis of Ni-Promoted Sulfated Mesoporous Silica for the Hydrocracking of Used Cooking Oil into Biogasoline.
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              Text: Apr2026
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              Y: 2026
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