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MEGA 12.1: Cross-Platform Release for macOS and Linux Operating Systems.

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Title: MEGA 12.1: Cross-Platform Release for macOS and Linux Operating Systems.
Authors: Stecher, Glen1 (AUTHOR), Suleski, Michael1 (AUTHOR), Tao, Qiqing1 (AUTHOR), Tamura, Koichiro2,3 (AUTHOR) ktamura@tmu.ac.jp, Kumar, Sudhir1,4 (AUTHOR) s.kumar@temple.edu
Source: Journal of Molecular Evolution. Feb2026, Vol. 94 Issue 1, p14-18. 5p.
Subjects: Linux operating systems, Computer software, Apple operating systems, Cladistic analysis, Molecular genetics, Graphical user interfaces, Phylogeny, Maximum likelihood statistics
Abstract: The Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software is widely used for molecular evolutionary and phylogenetic analyses. We present MEGA version 12.1, a cross-platform release that operates natively on macOS (Intel and Apple M-series processors) and modern Linux distributions. This version incorporates all the methodological and computational improvements of MEGA 12 for Microsoft Windows, including techniques that markedly reduce computational time during maximum likelihood (ML) analyses. These features include a filtered best-fit ML model test that bypasses evaluating derivative models unlikely to be optimal, an adaptive bootstrap test of phylogeny that automatically determines the necessary number of replicates, and fine-grained parallelization of ML algorithms for better multi-core performance. MEGA 12.1 has an enhanced graphical user interface, supporting high-resolution displays and improving analysis progress reporting and result visualization. A significant addition in MEGA 12.1 is an improved Calibration Editor that integrates seamlessly with the TimeTree database of molecular divergence times for easy retrieval of calibration points for molecular dating. This version also supports full cross-platform session file compatibility, allowing seamless sharing of analysis sessions across macOS, Linux, and Windows. These updates enhance accessibility, computational efficiency, and usability of MEGA across diverse computing environments. MEGA 12.1 is available for free at https://www.megasoftware.net. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Molecular Evolution is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 191694394
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: MEGA 12.1: Cross-Platform Release for macOS and Linux Operating Systems.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stecher%2C+Glen%22">Stecher, Glen</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Suleski%2C+Michael%22">Suleski, Michael</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tao%2C+Qiqing%22">Tao, Qiqing</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tamura%2C+Koichiro%22">Tamura, Koichiro</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ktamura@tmu.ac.jp</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kumar%2C+Sudhir%22">Kumar, Sudhir</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> s.kumar@temple.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Linux+operating+systems%22">Linux operating systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+software%22">Computer software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Apple+operating+systems%22">Apple operating systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cladistic+analysis%22">Cladistic analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Molecular+genetics%22">Molecular genetics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Graphical+user+interfaces%22">Graphical user interfaces</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phylogeny%22">Phylogeny</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Maximum+likelihood+statistics%22">Maximum likelihood statistics</searchLink>
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  Data: The Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software is widely used for molecular evolutionary and phylogenetic analyses. We present MEGA version 12.1, a cross-platform release that operates natively on macOS (Intel and Apple M-series processors) and modern Linux distributions. This version incorporates all the methodological and computational improvements of MEGA 12 for Microsoft Windows, including techniques that markedly reduce computational time during maximum likelihood (ML) analyses. These features include a filtered best-fit ML model test that bypasses evaluating derivative models unlikely to be optimal, an adaptive bootstrap test of phylogeny that automatically determines the necessary number of replicates, and fine-grained parallelization of ML algorithms for better multi-core performance. MEGA 12.1 has an enhanced graphical user interface, supporting high-resolution displays and improving analysis progress reporting and result visualization. A significant addition in MEGA 12.1 is an improved Calibration Editor that integrates seamlessly with the TimeTree database of molecular divergence times for easy retrieval of calibration points for molecular dating. This version also supports full cross-platform session file compatibility, allowing seamless sharing of analysis sessions across macOS, Linux, and Windows. These updates enhance accessibility, computational efficiency, and usability of MEGA across diverse computing environments. MEGA 12.1 is available for free at https://www.megasoftware.net. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Molecular Evolution is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00239-025-10287-z
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Linux operating systems
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      – SubjectFull: Computer software
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      – SubjectFull: Apple operating systems
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      – SubjectFull: Phylogeny
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      – SubjectFull: Maximum likelihood statistics
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      – TitleFull: MEGA 12.1: Cross-Platform Release for macOS and Linux Operating Systems.
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              Text: Feb2026
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              Y: 2026
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