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TiO2 nanoparticles loaded onto methyl methacrylate/ethyl acrylate nanopolymers as consolidation and antimicrobial agents for ivory artefacts.

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Title: TiO2 nanoparticles loaded onto methyl methacrylate/ethyl acrylate nanopolymers as consolidation and antimicrobial agents for ivory artefacts.
Authors: Abo El-Hassan, Mostafa Samir1 (AUTHOR), Marouf, Mohamed Abdullah2 (AUTHOR), Mohamed, Wael Sabry3 (AUTHOR), Abo-Elmaaref, Mahmoud2 (AUTHOR) Mahmoud_aboelmaaref@arch.sohag.edu.eg
Source: Pigment & Resin Technology. 2026, Vol. 55 Issue 3, p495-507. 13p.
Subjects: Nanocomposite materials, Ivory, Ethyl acrylate, Polymeric nanocomposites, Anti-infective agents, Methyl methacrylate, Titanium dioxide, Stabilizing agents
Abstract: Purpose: Ivory artifacts are considered one of the rare ethnographic collections that have been covered in a few studies in terms of treatment and conservation. This study aims to form a nanocomposite of titanium dioxide nanoparticles) TiO2 (at a concentration of 1% and 2% loaded on methyl methacrylate (MMA) 70% and ethyl acrylate (EA) 30% nano polymer, and use it as a consolidation and antimicrobial agent for ivory collectibles. Design/methodology/approach: Many methods of examination and analysis were used to evaluate the prepared nanocomposite and the treated ivory samples. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the TiO2/MMA/ EA nanocomposite. Scanning electron microscopy, compressive strength testing and spectroscopic analysis with attenuated total reflectance to perform fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was used to evaluate the properties of ivory samples treated with TiO2/MMA/ EA nanocomposite. Findings: Characterization of nanocomposite indicates the homogeneity of the prepared nanocomposite grains and their high efficiency in resisting microbes. The evaluation of ivory samples treated with TiO2/MMA/ EA nanocomposite also indicated improvement in the morphological, mechanical and chemical properties. Originality/value: The novelty of the study is the use of a 3% MMA/ EA Nano polymer as a consolidating agent carrying TiO2 nanoparticles to remove the defects of this polymer in its natural form, and its use in the form of a nanocomposite as an antimicrobial and consolidation agent for ivory artifacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Pigment & Resin Technology is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 191762994
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: TiO<subscript>2</subscript> nanoparticles loaded onto methyl methacrylate/ethyl acrylate nanopolymers as consolidation and antimicrobial agents for ivory artefacts.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Abo+El-Hassan%2C+Mostafa+Samir%22">Abo El-Hassan, Mostafa Samir</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marouf%2C+Mohamed+Abdullah%22">Marouf, Mohamed Abdullah</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mohamed%2C+Wael+Sabry%22">Mohamed, Wael Sabry</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Abo-Elmaaref%2C+Mahmoud%22">Abo-Elmaaref, Mahmoud</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> Mahmoud_aboelmaaref@arch.sohag.edu.eg</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Pigment+%26+Resin+Technology%22">Pigment & Resin Technology</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 55 Issue 3, p495-507. 13p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanocomposite+materials%22">Nanocomposite materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ivory%22">Ivory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ethyl+acrylate%22">Ethyl acrylate</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polymeric+nanocomposites%22">Polymeric nanocomposites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anti-infective+agents%22">Anti-infective agents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Methyl+methacrylate%22">Methyl methacrylate</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Titanium+dioxide%22">Titanium dioxide</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stabilizing+agents%22">Stabilizing agents</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: Ivory artifacts are considered one of the rare ethnographic collections that have been covered in a few studies in terms of treatment and conservation. This study aims to form a nanocomposite of titanium dioxide nanoparticles) TiO2 (at a concentration of 1% and 2% loaded on methyl methacrylate (MMA) 70% and ethyl acrylate (EA) 30% nano polymer, and use it as a consolidation and antimicrobial agent for ivory collectibles. Design/methodology/approach: Many methods of examination and analysis were used to evaluate the prepared nanocomposite and the treated ivory samples. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the TiO2/MMA/ EA nanocomposite. Scanning electron microscopy, compressive strength testing and spectroscopic analysis with attenuated total reflectance to perform fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was used to evaluate the properties of ivory samples treated with TiO2/MMA/ EA nanocomposite. Findings: Characterization of nanocomposite indicates the homogeneity of the prepared nanocomposite grains and their high efficiency in resisting microbes. The evaluation of ivory samples treated with TiO2/MMA/ EA nanocomposite also indicated improvement in the morphological, mechanical and chemical properties. Originality/value: The novelty of the study is the use of a 3% MMA/ EA Nano polymer as a consolidating agent carrying TiO2 nanoparticles to remove the defects of this polymer in its natural form, and its use in the form of a nanocomposite as an antimicrobial and consolidation agent for ivory artifacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Pigment & Resin Technology is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1108/PRT-02-2025-0019
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 495
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Nanocomposite materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ivory
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ethyl acrylate
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polymeric nanocomposites
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Anti-infective agents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Methyl methacrylate
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Titanium dioxide
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Stabilizing agents
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: TiO2 nanoparticles loaded onto methyl methacrylate/ethyl acrylate nanopolymers as consolidation and antimicrobial agents for ivory artefacts.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Abo El-Hassan, Mostafa Samir
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Marouf, Mohamed Abdullah
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Mohamed, Wael Sabry
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Abo-Elmaaref, Mahmoud
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: 2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 03699420
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              Value: 55
            – Type: issue
              Value: 3
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Pigment & Resin Technology
              Type: main
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