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Mechanical and Ablative Properties of TiC-B4C Modified Carbon Fiber/Boron Phenolic Resin Composites in High-Temperature Environments.

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Title: Mechanical and Ablative Properties of TiC-B4C Modified Carbon Fiber/Boron Phenolic Resin Composites in High-Temperature Environments.
Authors: Zhang, Wei1 (AUTHOR), Jiang, Guoqin1 (AUTHOR), Liu, Yang1 (AUTHOR), Deng, Zongyi1,2 (AUTHOR), Huang, Zhixiong1,2 (AUTHOR), Yang, Xueyuan1 (AUTHOR) xueyuan.yang@whut.edu.cn
Source: Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics. 2026, Vol. 65 Issue 4, p618-639. 22p.
Subjects: Titanium carbide, Boron carbides, Thermal shielding, Phenolic resins, Carbon composites, Heat resistant materials, Mechanical behavior of materials
Abstract: Carbon fiber/phenolic resin composites (CF/Ph) are often used on the surface of hypersonic vehicles as thermal protection materials. In this paper, the composite materials were prepared by a compression molding process with carbon fiber and boron phenolic resin modified by TiC and B4C. The high-temperature flexural strength and anti-ablation behavior of the composites (TB) were studied. The results showed that the residual weight yield at 1500 °C of TB-10 (B4C content of 10 phr) increased by 39.22% compared to that with no B4C (TB-0). The flexural strength of TB-10 was increased by 19.51% and 19.69% at 1400 °C and 1600 °C, respectively, with respect to TB-0 at the same temperatures. The linear ablation rate and mass ablation rate of TB-10 were reduced by 24.32% and 5.58%, respectively, compared with TB-0. By exploring the anti-ablative mechanisms, it was revealed that PyC, liquid B2O3 and TiO2, all of which were formed at high temperatures, tended to fill the inner cracks of the composite and, therefore, prevent the oxide to further diffuse in. Along with the outer ceramic layer, the three components above play a synergistic effect to improve the ablative property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Mechanical and Ablative Properties of TiC-B<subscript>4</subscript>C Modified Carbon Fiber/Boron Phenolic Resin Composites in High-Temperature Environments.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Wei%22">Zhang, Wei</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jiang%2C+Guoqin%22">Jiang, Guoqin</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Yang%22">Liu, Yang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Deng%2C+Zongyi%22">Deng, Zongyi</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Huang%2C+Zhixiong%22">Huang, Zhixiong</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yang%2C+Xueyuan%22">Yang, Xueyuan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> xueyuan.yang@whut.edu.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Macromolecular+Science%3A+Physics%22">Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 65 Issue 4, p618-639. 22p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Titanium+carbide%22">Titanium carbide</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Boron+carbides%22">Boron carbides</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermal+shielding%22">Thermal shielding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phenolic+resins%22">Phenolic resins</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+composites%22">Carbon composites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+resistant+materials%22">Heat resistant materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mechanical+behavior+of+materials%22">Mechanical behavior of materials</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Carbon fiber/phenolic resin composites (CF/Ph) are often used on the surface of hypersonic vehicles as thermal protection materials. In this paper, the composite materials were prepared by a compression molding process with carbon fiber and boron phenolic resin modified by TiC and B4C. The high-temperature flexural strength and anti-ablation behavior of the composites (TB) were studied. The results showed that the residual weight yield at 1500 °C of TB-10 (B4C content of 10 phr) increased by 39.22% compared to that with no B4C (TB-0). The flexural strength of TB-10 was increased by 19.51% and 19.69% at 1400 °C and 1600 °C, respectively, with respect to TB-0 at the same temperatures. The linear ablation rate and mass ablation rate of TB-10 were reduced by 24.32% and 5.58%, respectively, compared with TB-0. By exploring the anti-ablative mechanisms, it was revealed that PyC, liquid B2O3 and TiO2, all of which were formed at high temperatures, tended to fill the inner cracks of the composite and, therefore, prevent the oxide to further diffuse in. Along with the outer ceramic layer, the three components above play a synergistic effect to improve the ablative property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/00222348.2024.2443723
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 22
        StartPage: 618
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      – SubjectFull: Titanium carbide
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Boron carbides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thermal shielding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phenolic resins
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon composites
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Heat resistant materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mechanical behavior of materials
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Mechanical and Ablative Properties of TiC-B4C Modified Carbon Fiber/Boron Phenolic Resin Composites in High-Temperature Environments.
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            NameFull: Zhang, Wei
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            NameFull: Jiang, Guoqin
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            NameFull: Liu, Yang
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            NameFull: Deng, Zongyi
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            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Text: 2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics
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