A simple design of carbon dots for dual-mode pH sensing and monitoring food freshness.

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Title: A simple design of carbon dots for dual-mode pH sensing and monitoring food freshness.
Authors: Hallaji, Zahra1 (AUTHOR), Ranjbar, Bijan1,2 (AUTHOR) ranjbarb@modares.ac.ir
Source: Microchimica Acta. Feb2026, Vol. 193 Issue 2, p1-12. 12p.
Subjects: Carbon nanodots, Acidity function, Hydrothermal synthesis, Shelf-life dating of food, Luminescence measurement, Fluorescence, Detectors
Abstract: A pH-responsive carbon dot (CD) was synthesized using o-phenylenediamine and tyrosine as precursors via a one-step solvothermal method. The synthesized CDs were characterized using multiple analytical techniques, revealing UV-visible absorbance and excitation-independent fluorescence emission, diverse hydrophilic functional groups, crystalline structure with notable defects, and excellent optical stability, which is a key feature for their use as robust and reliable sensing material. The resulting CDs demonstrated visible absorbance and fluorescent intensity changes across the full pH range from 1 to 14, with a notable color change in solution, which has rarely been reported in the field of pH sensing by CDs. This pH responsiveness was further validated through tests on real solution samples, including fruit and vegetable juices, vinegar, and water, demonstrating the CDs' reliability and practicality as a pH sensor in diverse environments. Additionally, the integration of these CDs into a paper strip enabled straightforward and visible-light-based monitoring of seafood freshness, like fish and shrimp. This work offers a cost-effective and sensitive platform for pH detection applications in different fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Microchimica Acta is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: A simple design of carbon dots for dual-mode pH sensing and monitoring food freshness.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hallaji%2C+Zahra%22">Hallaji, Zahra</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ranjbar%2C+Bijan%22">Ranjbar, Bijan</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ranjbarb@modares.ac.ir</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Microchimica+Acta%22">Microchimica Acta</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 193 Issue 2, p1-12. 12p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+nanodots%22">Carbon nanodots</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Acidity+function%22">Acidity function</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrothermal+synthesis%22">Hydrothermal synthesis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Shelf-life+dating+of+food%22">Shelf-life dating of food</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Luminescence+measurement%22">Luminescence measurement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fluorescence%22">Fluorescence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Detectors%22">Detectors</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: A pH-responsive carbon dot (CD) was synthesized using o-phenylenediamine and tyrosine as precursors via a one-step solvothermal method. The synthesized CDs were characterized using multiple analytical techniques, revealing UV-visible absorbance and excitation-independent fluorescence emission, diverse hydrophilic functional groups, crystalline structure with notable defects, and excellent optical stability, which is a key feature for their use as robust and reliable sensing material. The resulting CDs demonstrated visible absorbance and fluorescent intensity changes across the full pH range from 1 to 14, with a notable color change in solution, which has rarely been reported in the field of pH sensing by CDs. This pH responsiveness was further validated through tests on real solution samples, including fruit and vegetable juices, vinegar, and water, demonstrating the CDs' reliability and practicality as a pH sensor in diverse environments. Additionally, the integration of these CDs into a paper strip enabled straightforward and visible-light-based monitoring of seafood freshness, like fish and shrimp. This work offers a cost-effective and sensitive platform for pH detection applications in different fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Microchimica Acta is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00604-025-07819-1
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Carbon nanodots
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Acidity function
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hydrothermal synthesis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Shelf-life dating of food
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Luminescence measurement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fluorescence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Detectors
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      – TitleFull: A simple design of carbon dots for dual-mode pH sensing and monitoring food freshness.
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            – D: 01
              M: 02
              Text: Feb2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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