FOOD AVAILABILITY, SELF-SUFFICIENCY AND IMPORT DEPENDENCY IN ROMANIA IN THE PERIOD 2014-2023 - A STUDY CASE ON TEN BASIC FOOD PRODUCTS.
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| Title: | FOOD AVAILABILITY, SELF-SUFFICIENCY AND IMPORT DEPENDENCY IN ROMANIA IN THE PERIOD 2014-2023 - A STUDY CASE ON TEN BASIC FOOD PRODUCTS. |
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| Authors: | POPESCU, Agatha1,2,3 agatha_:popescu@yahoo.com, MARCUTA, Alina1 alinamarcuta@yahoo.com, MARCUTA, Liviu1 liviumarcuta@yahoo.com, TINDECHE, Cristina1 tindeche_:cristina@yahoo.com, HONTU, Adelaida1 adelaidahontus@yahoo.com, ANGELESCU, Carmen1 angelescucarmen@yahoo.com, STANCIU, Mirela4 mirela.stanciu@ulbsibiu.ro |
| Source: | Scientific Papers Series Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture & Rural Development. 2025, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p747-769. 23p. |
| Subjects: | Imports, Autarchy, Farm produce, Agricultural productivity, Climate change, Balance of trade, Food supply |
| Geographic Terms: | Romania |
| Abstract: | The dynamics of food availability as reflected by production (P), import (I), change in stocks (SV), export (E), was studied in the period 2014-2023 for ten food products: wheat, maize, sunflower, soybean, tomatoes, potatoes, apples, milk, pork and honey. Using the data from Faostat, descriptive statistics, fixed basis index, CAGR and variation coefficient were determined for each product. Also, self-sufficiency rate (SSR), import dependency rate (IDR), export rate (ER) and export/import ratio (E/I) were calculated. In 2023 vs 2014, wheat P attained 9,627 thousand tons in 2023 (+26.6%) by a CAGR= 2.4%, E increased by 125%, while I by 64%. SSR% attained the peak of 279.8%, ER reached 247.7%, while IDR raised to 64%. Maize P accounted for 8,744 thousand tons (-27.1%) by a CAGR = -3.11%, E went up by 63.3%, but I was 3 times higher and reached 576 thousand tons. The SSR = 127.95%, IDR = 40.3%, and E/I ratio over 1. Sunflower seeds P declined by CAGR = -0.83%, being affected by climate change, so that in 2023 P was only 2,016 thousand tons, the SSR attained 249.5%, IDR = 48%, and ER= 188.2%. Soybean Preached 321 thousand tons (+58.1%), I reached 175 thousand tons, but E was only 40 thousand tons. The SSR declined to 85%, IDR = 48.2%, while ER is below 36.6%. Tomatoes P recorded 272 thousand tons (- 38.52%), by CAGR = - 9.10%, I reached 306 thousand tons (+64.5%) and E was pale. The SSR % = 47.8%, IDR = 53.7% and ER below 1. Potatoes P had a downward trend to 1,183 thousand tons (-33.62%), I attained 574 thousand tons (+137.1%) while E was just 20 thousand tons. Apples P attained 534 thousand tons, I was 117 thousand tons (+50%), while E/I ratio was small than 1. Milk P declined to 4,836 thousand tons (-7%), I was doubled reaching 1,599 thousand tons. The SSR = 78.8%, IDR = 26.1% and E/I ratio is very small. Pork P decreased to 330 thousand tons (-28.3%), I was 504 thousand tons (+125%) and E increased by 6.1%. Honey P attained 23 thousand tons (+77.7%), the SSR = 123.1 %, IDR = 19.2% and E/I ratio over 1. All these show that Romania is able to assure SSR for wheat, maize, sunflower and honey, and with a small IDR. But, also, it is not able to produce enough to assure SSR for soybean, tomatoes, potatoes, apples, milk and pork, it is therefore dependent on imports. This explain why demand/offer ratio is disrupted and trade balance is in deficit. To enhance agricultural production, Romania must set up a more efficient strategy for a sustainable farming, financially supported for investing in infrastructure, crop diversification, less losses, and more resilient systems adapted to climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Engineering Source |
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