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Strong Ground Motion Characteristics of the Saturated Loess Site.

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Title: Strong Ground Motion Characteristics of the Saturated Loess Site.
Authors: Wang, Qian1,2 (AUTHOR) wangq0930@126.com, Wang, Jiemin3 (AUTHOR), Wang, Zhenming2 (AUTHOR), Jia, Shichao4 (AUTHOR), Su, Yongqi3 (AUTHOR), Zhong, Xiumei1 (AUTHOR) xmzhong26@163.com, Cai, Run5 (AUTHOR), Ma, Haiping1 (AUTHOR) lutmhp@163.com, Zhao, Zhipeng (AUTHOR) zhaozhipeng@tongji.edu.cn
Source: Shock & Vibration. 2/24/2026, Vol. 2026, p1-16. 16p.
Subjects: Loess, Ground motion, Frequency spectra, Seismic response, Soil liquefaction, Soil vibration, Modulus of rigidity
Geographic Terms: Loess Plateau (China)
Abstract: Significant differences exist in the ground response of saturated and unsaturated deposits to earthquakes, but few relevant studies exist on strong ground motion in saturated loess. We have selected three loess sites that are highly affected by earthquake‐induced liquefaction hazards, analyzed the nonlinear characteristics of the ground motion response of saturated loess sites through extensive field tests, laboratory experiments, and analytical ground motion response calculations, and compared them with the unsaturated site conditions to reveal the special strong ground motion response characteristics of saturated loess sites. The results show that the PGA of surface ground motion in the Guyuan and Minxian sites is significantly reduced compared with the PGA of input ground motion, and the PGA of surface ground motion in the Tianshui site is slightly increased compared with the PGA of input ground motion. The frequency corresponding to the peak of the Fourier spectrum of the two sites in Guyuan and Minxian decreased significantly, and the frequency corresponding to the peak of the Fourier spectrum of ground motion in the Tianshui site increased slightly. Compared with unsaturated loess, the dynamic stiffness of saturated loess decreases, and the dynamic shear modulus ratio and damping ratio change significantly under high dynamic shear strain. These changes lead to a weakened ground vibration response at the surface, especially at high PGA inputs, highlighting the key differences in ground motions between saturated and unsaturated loess sites. In addition, the dominant frequency of surface motion is significantly lower at saturated loess sites, increasing the risk of site damage during earthquakes. These results emphasize the complex interplay between loess saturation and the dynamic response to earthquakes and demonstrate the need for targeted geotechnical assessment and design in earthquake‐prone areas of the Loess Plateau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Shock & Vibration is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Strong Ground Motion Characteristics of the Saturated Loess Site.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Qian%22">Wang, Qian</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> wangq0930@126.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Jiemin%22">Wang, Jiemin</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Zhenming%22">Wang, Zhenming</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jia%2C+Shichao%22">Jia, Shichao</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Su%2C+Yongqi%22">Su, Yongqi</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhong%2C+Xiumei%22">Zhong, Xiumei</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> xmzhong26@163.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cai%2C+Run%22">Cai, Run</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ma%2C+Haiping%22">Ma, Haiping</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> lutmhp@163.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhao%2C+Zhipeng%22">Zhao, Zhipeng</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<i> zhaozhipeng@tongji.edu.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Loess+Plateau+%28China%29%22">Loess Plateau (China)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Significant differences exist in the ground response of saturated and unsaturated deposits to earthquakes, but few relevant studies exist on strong ground motion in saturated loess. We have selected three loess sites that are highly affected by earthquake‐induced liquefaction hazards, analyzed the nonlinear characteristics of the ground motion response of saturated loess sites through extensive field tests, laboratory experiments, and analytical ground motion response calculations, and compared them with the unsaturated site conditions to reveal the special strong ground motion response characteristics of saturated loess sites. The results show that the PGA of surface ground motion in the Guyuan and Minxian sites is significantly reduced compared with the PGA of input ground motion, and the PGA of surface ground motion in the Tianshui site is slightly increased compared with the PGA of input ground motion. The frequency corresponding to the peak of the Fourier spectrum of the two sites in Guyuan and Minxian decreased significantly, and the frequency corresponding to the peak of the Fourier spectrum of ground motion in the Tianshui site increased slightly. Compared with unsaturated loess, the dynamic stiffness of saturated loess decreases, and the dynamic shear modulus ratio and damping ratio change significantly under high dynamic shear strain. These changes lead to a weakened ground vibration response at the surface, especially at high PGA inputs, highlighting the key differences in ground motions between saturated and unsaturated loess sites. In addition, the dominant frequency of surface motion is significantly lower at saturated loess sites, increasing the risk of site damage during earthquakes. These results emphasize the complex interplay between loess saturation and the dynamic response to earthquakes and demonstrate the need for targeted geotechnical assessment and design in earthquake‐prone areas of the Loess Plateau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Shock & Vibration is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1155/vib/1554910
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Loess
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ground motion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Frequency spectra
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Seismic response
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Soil liquefaction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Soil vibration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Modulus of rigidity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Loess Plateau (China)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Strong Ground Motion Characteristics of the Saturated Loess Site.
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            NameFull: Wang, Jiemin
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            – D: 24
              M: 02
              Text: 2/24/2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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