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Tribological Performance of Stellite 6/TiN Composite Coatings on Austenitic Stainless Steel.

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Title: Tribological Performance of Stellite 6/TiN Composite Coatings on Austenitic Stainless Steel.
Authors: Xu, Shuai1 (AUTHOR), Wu, Xiaokang2 (AUTHOR), Gu, Jinlong2,3 (AUTHOR), Li, Jiaqiang1,4 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Xing1 (AUTHOR), Zhu, Gangxian1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Chen, Changyong3,4 (AUTHOR), Wang, Chuanyang1,4 (AUTHOR)
Source: Materials (1996-1944). Feb2026, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p658. 17p.
Subjects: Wear resistance, Titanium nitride films, Physical vapor deposition, Austenitic stainless steel, Cobalt alloys, Mechanical wear, Abrasion resistance
Abstract: Highlights: What are the main findings? A Stellite 6/TiN composite coating is engineered on F347 stainless steel via plasma transferred arc cladding + PVD, enabling a property-gradient architecture for valve sealing applications. The coating system achieves outstanding high-temperature wear protection, reducing wear volume by 97.2% vs. uncoated F347 at 500 °C. What is the implication of the main finding? The revealed wear mechanisms indicate that oxide-glaze formation stabilizes Stellite 6 friction, whereas oxidation-induced spallation in Stellite 6/TiN can accelerate combined abrasive/oxidative wear at 500 °C, guiding optimization of TiN design and oxidation resistance. To enhance the quality and longevity of valve sealing surfaces, this study fabricated the Stellite 6/TiN composite coatings on F347 austenitic stainless steel. The process involved a plasma transferred arc (PTA) of Stellite 6 coating onto the substrate followed by physical vapor deposition (PVD) of a TiN coating onto the Stellite 6 layer. Mechanical testing revealed that the composite coatings achieved high hardness (~2110 HV), excellent adhesion (critical load Lc2 ~74 N), and superior wear resistance versus uncoated steel and single-layer Stellite 6. At 500 °C, the composite reduced wear volume by 97.2% compared to the uncoated substrate. Wear mechanisms for the Stellite 6 and composite coatings at high temperatures were elucidated, highlighting the role of Stellite 6/TiN composite coatings in enhancing tribological performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Tribological Performance of Stellite 6/TiN Composite Coatings on Austenitic Stainless Steel.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xu%2C+Shuai%22">Xu, Shuai</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wu%2C+Xiaokang%22">Wu, Xiaokang</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gu%2C+Jinlong%22">Gu, Jinlong</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Jiaqiang%22">Li, Jiaqiang</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Xing%22">Zhang, Xing</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhu%2C+Gangxian%22">Zhu, Gangxian</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Changyong%22">Chen, Changyong</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Chuanyang%22">Wang, Chuanyang</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p658. 17p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wear+resistance%22">Wear resistance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Titanium+nitride+films%22">Titanium nitride films</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physical+vapor+deposition%22">Physical vapor deposition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Austenitic+stainless+steel%22">Austenitic stainless steel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cobalt+alloys%22">Cobalt alloys</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mechanical+wear%22">Mechanical wear</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Abrasion+resistance%22">Abrasion resistance</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Highlights: What are the main findings? A Stellite 6/TiN composite coating is engineered on F347 stainless steel via plasma transferred arc cladding + PVD, enabling a property-gradient architecture for valve sealing applications. The coating system achieves outstanding high-temperature wear protection, reducing wear volume by 97.2% vs. uncoated F347 at 500 °C. What is the implication of the main finding? The revealed wear mechanisms indicate that oxide-glaze formation stabilizes Stellite 6 friction, whereas oxidation-induced spallation in Stellite 6/TiN can accelerate combined abrasive/oxidative wear at 500 °C, guiding optimization of TiN design and oxidation resistance. To enhance the quality and longevity of valve sealing surfaces, this study fabricated the Stellite 6/TiN composite coatings on F347 austenitic stainless steel. The process involved a plasma transferred arc (PTA) of Stellite 6 coating onto the substrate followed by physical vapor deposition (PVD) of a TiN coating onto the Stellite 6 layer. Mechanical testing revealed that the composite coatings achieved high hardness (~2110 HV), excellent adhesion (critical load Lc2 ~74 N), and superior wear resistance versus uncoated steel and single-layer Stellite 6. At 500 °C, the composite reduced wear volume by 97.2% compared to the uncoated substrate. Wear mechanisms for the Stellite 6 and composite coatings at high temperatures were elucidated, highlighting the role of Stellite 6/TiN composite coatings in enhancing tribological performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Physical vapor deposition
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Austenitic stainless steel
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      – SubjectFull: Cobalt alloys
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      – SubjectFull: Mechanical wear
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      – SubjectFull: Abrasion resistance
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              Text: Feb2026
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