Dynamic Characteristics of Clay-Rubber Mixtures: Perspective on Small-Strain Dynamic Shear Modulus and Damping Ratio.

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Title: Dynamic Characteristics of Clay-Rubber Mixtures: Perspective on Small-Strain Dynamic Shear Modulus and Damping Ratio.
Authors: Liu, Bingheng1,2 (AUTHOR) liubingheng17@mails.ucas.ac.cn, Wang, Yong2 (AUTHOR), Zhu, Jianqun1 (AUTHOR), Xu, Guofang2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Materials (1996-1944). Feb2026, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p780. 19p.
Subjects: Modulus of rigidity, Damping capacity, Geotechnical engineering, Vibration isolation, Rubber, Stiffness (Engineering)
Abstract: Waste tire rubber–soil mixtures feature low density, high energy dissipation, and low shear modulus, which are widely used in geotechnical engineering for vibration attenuation. In this study, the evolution of the small-strain stiffness characteristics of clay-rubber mixture (CRM) is investigated; a resonance column test was carried out to determine the small-strain stiffness characteristics of CRM samples with different confining pressures ( σ 3 ), rubber particle contents ( C rubber ), and rubber particle sizes ( D rubber ). The test results indicate that σ 3 can promote the dynamic shear modulus (G) of CRM and restrain the damping ratio (D). The rubber particles have a great influence on both G and D. Under the same conditions, G decreases significantly with the increase in C rubber and increases slightly with the increase in D rubber , which indicates that rubber particles inhibit the development of G. D increases with the increase in C rubber and D rubber . The results show that the contact area between clay particles and rubber particles increases with the increase in C rubber , resulting in the decreases in G and D. The G–γ curves are analyzed by using the Hardin–Drnevich equation. Based on the fitting results, the maximum dynamic shear modulus ( G max ) is obtained. Therefore, the evolution of G max with σ 3 , C rubber , and D rubber are analyzed, and an equation for the G max of CRM considering the effects of σ 3 , C rubber , and D rubber is proposed. In addition, the D–γ curves can be well described by an empirical equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Dynamic Characteristics of Clay-Rubber Mixtures: Perspective on Small-Strain Dynamic Shear Modulus and Damping Ratio.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Bingheng%22">Liu, Bingheng</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> liubingheng17@mails.ucas.ac.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Yong%22">Wang, Yong</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhu%2C+Jianqun%22">Zhu, Jianqun</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xu%2C+Guofang%22">Xu, Guofang</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 19 Issue 4, p780. 19p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Modulus+of+rigidity%22">Modulus of rigidity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Damping+capacity%22">Damping capacity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geotechnical+engineering%22">Geotechnical engineering</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vibration+isolation%22">Vibration isolation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rubber%22">Rubber</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stiffness+%28Engineering%29%22">Stiffness (Engineering)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Waste tire rubber–soil mixtures feature low density, high energy dissipation, and low shear modulus, which are widely used in geotechnical engineering for vibration attenuation. In this study, the evolution of the small-strain stiffness characteristics of clay-rubber mixture (CRM) is investigated; a resonance column test was carried out to determine the small-strain stiffness characteristics of CRM samples with different confining pressures ( σ 3 ), rubber particle contents ( C rubber ), and rubber particle sizes ( D rubber ). The test results indicate that σ 3 can promote the dynamic shear modulus (G) of CRM and restrain the damping ratio (D). The rubber particles have a great influence on both G and D. Under the same conditions, G decreases significantly with the increase in C rubber and increases slightly with the increase in D rubber , which indicates that rubber particles inhibit the development of G. D increases with the increase in C rubber and D rubber . The results show that the contact area between clay particles and rubber particles increases with the increase in C rubber , resulting in the decreases in G and D. The G–γ curves are analyzed by using the Hardin–Drnevich equation. Based on the fitting results, the maximum dynamic shear modulus ( G max ) is obtained. Therefore, the evolution of G max with σ 3 , C rubber , and D rubber are analyzed, and an equation for the G max of CRM considering the effects of σ 3 , C rubber , and D rubber is proposed. In addition, the D–γ curves can be well described by an empirical equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.3390/ma19040780
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 19
        StartPage: 780
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Modulus of rigidity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Damping capacity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geotechnical engineering
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Vibration isolation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rubber
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Stiffness (Engineering)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Dynamic Characteristics of Clay-Rubber Mixtures: Perspective on Small-Strain Dynamic Shear Modulus and Damping Ratio.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Liu, Bingheng
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          Name:
            NameFull: Wang, Yong
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            NameFull: Zhu, Jianqun
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            NameFull: Xu, Guofang
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            – D: 15
              M: 02
              Text: Feb2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 19961944
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              Value: 19
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            – TitleFull: Materials (1996-1944)
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