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From waste to performance – a novel hybrid composite for sustainable brake friction applications.

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Title: From waste to performance – a novel hybrid composite for sustainable brake friction applications.
Authors: Nazeer, Jiyas1 (AUTHOR), Sasidharan, Indu2 (AUTHOR), Karthikeyan, Bindu Kumar1 (AUTHOR), Senthamaraikannan, Palanisamy3,4 (AUTHOR), Kumar, Ramar5 (AUTHOR) mepcokumar@gmail.com
Source: Polymers & Polymer Composites. 3/2/2026, Vol. 34, p1-19. 19p.
Subjects: Repurposed materials, Friction materials, Wear resistance, Fibrous composites, Natural fibers, Construction materials, Circular economy
Abstract: The growing demand for ecofriendly brake friction materials has accelerated research into green alternatives to conventional hazardous components such as asbestos. This study examines novel hybrid composites with permanganate (KMnO4)-treated Alpinia galanga (A. galanga) stem fibers and Pseudoxytenanthera stocksii (P. stocksii) bamboo rhizomes as reinforcement, combined with Metapenaeus dobsoni (M. dobsoni) shrimp-shell powder as a functional filler. The treated natural fibers enhance structural integrity and thermal stability, while the shrimp-shell powder contributes to controlled abrasiveness and improved surface interaction, together tailoring the composite's frictional and wear performance for brake applications. Three composite variants were evaluated, with AGSSC (A. galanga-P. stocksii -Shrimp shell composite) exhibiting superior density (1.52 g/cm3), lower void content (2.56%), higher hardness (89 HRL) (measured by Hardness Rockwell L-scale), coefficient of friction (0.39–0.38), and 26% lower wear rate. The study directly supports SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production by upcycling multiple waste resources, including M. dobsoni shrimp shells as bio-fillers, P. stocksii Bamboo rhizome residues, and discarded A. galanga stems from medicinal plant processing, into high-performance friction composites. This approach promotes circular resource use, reduces dependence on non-renewable and non-recyclable materials, and demonstrates a sustainable pathway for developing eco-friendly brake friction materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Polymers & Polymer Composites is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: From waste to performance – a novel hybrid composite for sustainable brake friction applications.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nazeer%2C+Jiyas%22">Nazeer, Jiyas</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sasidharan%2C+Indu%22">Sasidharan, Indu</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Karthikeyan%2C+Bindu+Kumar%22">Karthikeyan, Bindu Kumar</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Senthamaraikannan%2C+Palanisamy%22">Senthamaraikannan, Palanisamy</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kumar%2C+Ramar%22">Kumar, Ramar</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> mepcokumar@gmail.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Polymers+%26+Polymer+Composites%22">Polymers & Polymer Composites</searchLink>. 3/2/2026, Vol. 34, p1-19. 19p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Repurposed+materials%22">Repurposed materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Friction+materials%22">Friction materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wear+resistance%22">Wear resistance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fibrous+composites%22">Fibrous composites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Natural+fibers%22">Natural fibers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Construction+materials%22">Construction materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Circular+economy%22">Circular economy</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: The growing demand for ecofriendly brake friction materials has accelerated research into green alternatives to conventional hazardous components such as asbestos. This study examines novel hybrid composites with permanganate (KMnO4)-treated Alpinia galanga (A. galanga) stem fibers and Pseudoxytenanthera stocksii (P. stocksii) bamboo rhizomes as reinforcement, combined with Metapenaeus dobsoni (M. dobsoni) shrimp-shell powder as a functional filler. The treated natural fibers enhance structural integrity and thermal stability, while the shrimp-shell powder contributes to controlled abrasiveness and improved surface interaction, together tailoring the composite's frictional and wear performance for brake applications. Three composite variants were evaluated, with AGSSC (A. galanga-P. stocksii -Shrimp shell composite) exhibiting superior density (1.52 g/cm3), lower void content (2.56%), higher hardness (89 HRL) (measured by Hardness Rockwell L-scale), coefficient of friction (0.39–0.38), and 26% lower wear rate. The study directly supports SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production by upcycling multiple waste resources, including M. dobsoni shrimp shells as bio-fillers, P. stocksii Bamboo rhizome residues, and discarded A. galanga stems from medicinal plant processing, into high-performance friction composites. This approach promotes circular resource use, reduces dependence on non-renewable and non-recyclable materials, and demonstrates a sustainable pathway for developing eco-friendly brake friction materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Polymers & Polymer Composites is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1177/09673911261429591
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Friction materials
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      – SubjectFull: Wear resistance
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      – SubjectFull: Fibrous composites
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      – SubjectFull: Natural fibers
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      – SubjectFull: Construction materials
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      – SubjectFull: Circular economy
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      – TitleFull: From waste to performance – a novel hybrid composite for sustainable brake friction applications.
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            NameFull: Nazeer, Jiyas
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            NameFull: Senthamaraikannan, Palanisamy
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              Text: 3/2/2026
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              Y: 2026
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