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A Nano-Sized Poly(aniline-co-thiophene) Based Solid-Contact Screen-Printed Electrode for Batch and Continuous Potentiometric Determination of Iodide.

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Title: A Nano-Sized Poly(aniline-co-thiophene) Based Solid-Contact Screen-Printed Electrode for Batch and Continuous Potentiometric Determination of Iodide.
Authors: Hassan, Saad S. M.1 (AUTHOR), Fathy, Mahmoud Abdelwahab1,2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Polymers (20734360). Feb2026, Vol. 18 Issue 4, p492. 20p.
Subjects: Ion selective electrodes, Conducting polymers, Electroactive substances, Potentiometry, Flow injection analysis, Electrochemical sensors
Abstract: Two approaches are described for construction of a screen-printed planar electrode (SPE) for potentiometric determination of iodide ion. The first, involves preparation and application of iron(II) bathophenanthroline tetraiodoplumbate complex ([Fe(bphen)3][PbI4]), as a sensitive and selective electroactive sensing material in a potentiometric electrode for iodide determination. The second is the use of a nano-sized poly(aniline-co-thiophene) (PANI-co-PT) as a solid-contact material in a planar miniaturized configuration. The SPE displays a Nernstian response for iodide ion with a calibration slope of −58.81 ± 0.69 mV/decade (R2 = 0.9998) over a wide concentration range (9.17 × 10−7–6.94 × 10−3 mol/L), low detection limit (6.09 × 10−7 mol/L), rapid response time (5.0 ± 1.0 s) and long-life span (75 ± 3.0 d). The use of PANI-co-PT solid-contact layer significantly improves the ion-to-electron transduction, eliminates the formation of undesired thin water layer between the sensing membrane and the conducting substrate, prevents membrane delamination, enhances potential stability with a significantly reduced potential drift (8.32 ± 0.12 µV/min) and displays high redox capacitance (2.560 ± 0.040 mF). Water contact angle measurements confirm the increased hydrophobicity of the modified membrane electrode (from 44 ± 0.8° to 93 ± 1.4°) and demonstrate the membrane ability to repel moisture and further stabilize the sensor response. The proposed sensor is successfully integrated into a flow injection analysis (FIA) system to enable real-time and continuous iodide monitoring with high precision, high sample throughput and applicability for quality control of pharmaceuticals and environmental monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: A Nano-Sized Poly(aniline-co-thiophene) Based Solid-Contact Screen-Printed Electrode for Batch and Continuous Potentiometric Determination of Iodide.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hassan%2C+Saad+S%2E+M%2E%22">Hassan, Saad S. M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fathy%2C+Mahmoud+Abdelwahab%22">Fathy, Mahmoud Abdelwahab</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Polymers+%2820734360%29%22">Polymers (20734360)</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 18 Issue 4, p492. 20p.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Two approaches are described for construction of a screen-printed planar electrode (SPE) for potentiometric determination of iodide ion. The first, involves preparation and application of iron(II) bathophenanthroline tetraiodoplumbate complex ([Fe(bphen)3][PbI4]), as a sensitive and selective electroactive sensing material in a potentiometric electrode for iodide determination. The second is the use of a nano-sized poly(aniline-co-thiophene) (PANI-co-PT) as a solid-contact material in a planar miniaturized configuration. The SPE displays a Nernstian response for iodide ion with a calibration slope of −58.81 ± 0.69 mV/decade (R2 = 0.9998) over a wide concentration range (9.17 × 10−7–6.94 × 10−3 mol/L), low detection limit (6.09 × 10−7 mol/L), rapid response time (5.0 ± 1.0 s) and long-life span (75 ± 3.0 d). The use of PANI-co-PT solid-contact layer significantly improves the ion-to-electron transduction, eliminates the formation of undesired thin water layer between the sensing membrane and the conducting substrate, prevents membrane delamination, enhances potential stability with a significantly reduced potential drift (8.32 ± 0.12 µV/min) and displays high redox capacitance (2.560 ± 0.040 mF). Water contact angle measurements confirm the increased hydrophobicity of the modified membrane electrode (from 44 ± 0.8° to 93 ± 1.4°) and demonstrate the membrane ability to repel moisture and further stabilize the sensor response. The proposed sensor is successfully integrated into a flow injection analysis (FIA) system to enable real-time and continuous iodide monitoring with high precision, high sample throughput and applicability for quality control of pharmaceuticals and environmental monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/polym18040492
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Conducting polymers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electroactive substances
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      – SubjectFull: Potentiometry
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      – SubjectFull: Electrochemical sensors
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      – TitleFull: A Nano-Sized Poly(aniline-co-thiophene) Based Solid-Contact Screen-Printed Electrode for Batch and Continuous Potentiometric Determination of Iodide.
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            NameFull: Hassan, Saad S. M.
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              M: 02
              Text: Feb2026
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              Y: 2026
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