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Coin-Cell Electric Double-Layer Capacitors with African Palm Kernel Activated Carbon Under Series and Parallel Connection.

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Title: Coin-Cell Electric Double-Layer Capacitors with African Palm Kernel Activated Carbon Under Series and Parallel Connection.
Authors: Gaviria, Chelsy1 (AUTHOR), Zapata-Benabithe, Zulamita1,2 (AUTHOR) zulamita.zapata@upb.edu.co, Restrepo, José Valentín2,3 (AUTHOR), Diez-Restrepo, Andrés Emiro2,4 (AUTHOR), Barrios, Yiranis1,5 (AUTHOR), Úsuga, Mauricio1,4 (AUTHOR), Arenas-Castiblanco, Erika1,2 (AUTHOR), Nieto-Londoño, César1,3,5 (AUTHOR)
Source: Nanomaterials (2079-4991). Feb2026, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p260. 22p.
Subjects: Supercapacitors, Activated carbon, Energy storage, Biomass chemicals, Electrochemical analysis
Abstract: The growing demand for efficient and sustainable energy storage has intensified interest in green materials known for their high-power density. In this work, we evaluated the electrochemical and electrical performance of coin-cell supercapacitors with activated carbon electrodes from palm kernel shell. Two activated carbons were obtained using KOH and ZnCl2 as activating agents at 700 °C and then superficially modified with nitric acid. The KOH-activated carbon electrodes showed the highest specific surface area (1181 m2 g−1) and the best electrochemical behavior, reaching an average gravimetric capacitance of 56. ± 9.2 F g−1. The coins were characterized electrically by series and parallel arrangements, yielding specific energy and specific power densities of 2.6 Wh kg−1 and 475 W kg−1, and 1.8 Wh kg−1 and 353 W kg−1, at 0.001 A and 0.75 V for parallel and series arrangements, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Coin-Cell Electric Double-Layer Capacitors with African Palm Kernel Activated Carbon Under Series and Parallel Connection.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gaviria%2C+Chelsy%22">Gaviria, Chelsy</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zapata-Benabithe%2C+Zulamita%22">Zapata-Benabithe, Zulamita</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> zulamita.zapata@upb.edu.co</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Restrepo%2C+José+Valentín%22">Restrepo, José Valentín</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Diez-Restrepo%2C+Andrés+Emiro%22">Diez-Restrepo, Andrés Emiro</searchLink><relatesTo>2,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Barrios%2C+Yiranis%22">Barrios, Yiranis</searchLink><relatesTo>1,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Úsuga%2C+Mauricio%22">Úsuga, Mauricio</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arenas-Castiblanco%2C+Erika%22">Arenas-Castiblanco, Erika</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nieto-Londoño%2C+César%22">Nieto-Londoño, César</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nanomaterials+%282079-4991%29%22">Nanomaterials (2079-4991)</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p260. 22p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Supercapacitors%22">Supercapacitors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Activated+carbon%22">Activated carbon</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+storage%22">Energy storage</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biomass+chemicals%22">Biomass chemicals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrochemical+analysis%22">Electrochemical analysis</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The growing demand for efficient and sustainable energy storage has intensified interest in green materials known for their high-power density. In this work, we evaluated the electrochemical and electrical performance of coin-cell supercapacitors with activated carbon electrodes from palm kernel shell. Two activated carbons were obtained using KOH and ZnCl2 as activating agents at 700 °C and then superficially modified with nitric acid. The KOH-activated carbon electrodes showed the highest specific surface area (1181 m2 g−1) and the best electrochemical behavior, reaching an average gravimetric capacitance of 56. ± 9.2 F g−1. The coins were characterized electrically by series and parallel arrangements, yielding specific energy and specific power densities of 2.6 Wh kg−1 and 475 W kg−1, and 1.8 Wh kg−1 and 353 W kg−1, at 0.001 A and 0.75 V for parallel and series arrangements, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/nano16040260
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Supercapacitors
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      – SubjectFull: Activated carbon
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      – SubjectFull: Energy storage
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Biomass chemicals
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      – SubjectFull: Electrochemical analysis
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      – TitleFull: Coin-Cell Electric Double-Layer Capacitors with African Palm Kernel Activated Carbon Under Series and Parallel Connection.
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              M: 02
              Text: Feb2026
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              Y: 2026
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