Effects of freezing pretreatment on the drying rheological characteristics and collapse of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis wood.

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Title: Effects of freezing pretreatment on the drying rheological characteristics and collapse of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis wood.
Authors: Liu, Honghai1,2 (AUTHOR) liuhonghai2020@njfu.edu.cn, Wang, Jiajia2 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Xiaokai2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Holzforschung: International Journal of the Biology, Chemistry, Physics, & Technology of Wood. Mar2026, Vol. 80 Issue 3, p218-230. 13p.
Subjects: Eucalyptus grandis, Lumber drying, Rheology, Deformations (Mechanics)
Abstract: To mitigate collapse in Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis wood induced by capillary tension and drying stress, this study examined the effects of freezing pretreatment (FP) on drying behavior, collapse, and rheological properties. Compared to control (C) samples dried at 65 °C with a reduced relative humidity, FP significantly enhanced the drying rate, particularly below the fiber saturation point (FSP), with an 8.7 % increase. FP also reduced tangential and radial shrinkage at FSP by 55 % and 52 %, respectively, suppressing collapse effectively. Rheological tests indicated that the FP wood exhibited lower elastic strain, viscoelastic creep strain, and mechano-sorptive creep strain throughout the drying process, along with a significant reduction in the residual drying stress. These improvements are primarily attributed to the microstructural changes induced by the FP, which reduce cell collapse and thus alleviate the development of internal stresses. This study confirms that the FP is an efficient pretreatment method that can significantly reduce drying defects and enhance the final product quality of eucalyptus wood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Holzforschung: International Journal of the Biology, Chemistry, Physics, & Technology of Wood is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Effects of freezing pretreatment on the drying rheological characteristics and collapse of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis wood.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Honghai%22">Liu, Honghai</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> liuhonghai2020@njfu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Jiajia%22">Wang, Jiajia</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Xiaokai%22">Zhang, Xiaokai</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Holzforschung%3A+International+Journal+of+the+Biology%2C+Chemistry%2C+Physics%2C+%26+Technology+of+Wood%22">Holzforschung: International Journal of the Biology, Chemistry, Physics, & Technology of Wood</searchLink>. Mar2026, Vol. 80 Issue 3, p218-230. 13p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Eucalyptus+grandis%22">Eucalyptus grandis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lumber+drying%22">Lumber drying</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rheology%22">Rheology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Deformations+%28Mechanics%29%22">Deformations (Mechanics)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: To mitigate collapse in Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis wood induced by capillary tension and drying stress, this study examined the effects of freezing pretreatment (FP) on drying behavior, collapse, and rheological properties. Compared to control (C) samples dried at 65 °C with a reduced relative humidity, FP significantly enhanced the drying rate, particularly below the fiber saturation point (FSP), with an 8.7 % increase. FP also reduced tangential and radial shrinkage at FSP by 55 % and 52 %, respectively, suppressing collapse effectively. Rheological tests indicated that the FP wood exhibited lower elastic strain, viscoelastic creep strain, and mechano-sorptive creep strain throughout the drying process, along with a significant reduction in the residual drying stress. These improvements are primarily attributed to the microstructural changes induced by the FP, which reduce cell collapse and thus alleviate the development of internal stresses. This study confirms that the FP is an efficient pretreatment method that can significantly reduce drying defects and enhance the final product quality of eucalyptus wood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Holzforschung: International Journal of the Biology, Chemistry, Physics, & Technology of Wood is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1515/hf-2025-0123
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 218
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Eucalyptus grandis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lumber drying
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rheology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Deformations (Mechanics)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Effects of freezing pretreatment on the drying rheological characteristics and collapse of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis wood.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Liu, Honghai
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            NameFull: Wang, Jiajia
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            NameFull: Zhang, Xiaokai
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 03
              Text: Mar2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 80
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              Value: 3
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Holzforschung: International Journal of the Biology, Chemistry, Physics, & Technology of Wood
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