Using Genetic Programming as a Feature Selector and Classifier to Implement Bankruptcy Prediction Models.

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Title: Using Genetic Programming as a Feature Selector and Classifier to Implement Bankruptcy Prediction Models.
Authors: Beade, Ángel1 a.beade@udc.es, Santos, José2 jose.santos@udc.es, Rodríguez, Manuel1 manuel.rodriguez.lopez@udc.es
Source: Computer Science & Information Systems. Jan2026, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p513-534. 22p.
Subjects: Genetic programming, Feature selection, Classification algorithms, United States economy, Business enterprises, Economic indicators, Counterparty risk
Abstract: Genetic Programming (GP) was used as a feature selector and classifier to implement bankruptcy prediction models for medium-sized companies. Two sets of input variables were used for the prediction models: one using a large number of exclusively financial variables and the other incorporating variables from the economic environment, which allows analyzing the capability of the latter to improve performance. Two strategies were defined for GP as a feature selector, based on the statistical relevance of the selected features in the GP process, with a novel proposal based on a progressive reduction of the set of selected variables and with the aim of minimizing the risk of eliminating relevant features. An analysis is performed of the improvement obtained with feature selection with both GP-based methods in comparison with the use of complete sets of variables and using GP as a classifier. With the selected variables, we also compared GP as a classifier with respect to other standard classifiers, using automatic parameter adjustment with AutoWeka for these classifiers. The best results are obtained with the synergy of using GP as a feature selector and as a classifier, with the advantage of the direct interpretability that GP provides in the application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Computer Science & Information Systems is the property of ComSIS Consortium and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Using Genetic Programming as a Feature Selector and Classifier to Implement Bankruptcy Prediction Models.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Beade%2C+Ángel%22">Beade, Ángel</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> a.beade@udc.es</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Santos%2C+José%22">Santos, José</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> jose.santos@udc.es</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rodríguez%2C+Manuel%22">Rodríguez, Manuel</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> manuel.rodriguez.lopez@udc.es</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Computer+Science+%26+Information+Systems%22">Computer Science & Information Systems</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p513-534. 22p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Genetic+programming%22">Genetic programming</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Feature+selection%22">Feature selection</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Classification+algorithms%22">Classification algorithms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22United+States+economy%22">United States economy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Business+enterprises%22">Business enterprises</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Economic+indicators%22">Economic indicators</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Counterparty+risk%22">Counterparty risk</searchLink>
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  Data: Genetic Programming (GP) was used as a feature selector and classifier to implement bankruptcy prediction models for medium-sized companies. Two sets of input variables were used for the prediction models: one using a large number of exclusively financial variables and the other incorporating variables from the economic environment, which allows analyzing the capability of the latter to improve performance. Two strategies were defined for GP as a feature selector, based on the statistical relevance of the selected features in the GP process, with a novel proposal based on a progressive reduction of the set of selected variables and with the aim of minimizing the risk of eliminating relevant features. An analysis is performed of the improvement obtained with feature selection with both GP-based methods in comparison with the use of complete sets of variables and using GP as a classifier. With the selected variables, we also compared GP as a classifier with respect to other standard classifiers, using automatic parameter adjustment with AutoWeka for these classifiers. The best results are obtained with the synergy of using GP as a feature selector and as a classifier, with the advantage of the direct interpretability that GP provides in the application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Computer Science & Information Systems is the property of ComSIS Consortium and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.2298/CSIS250226013B
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 22
        StartPage: 513
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Genetic programming
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Feature selection
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Classification algorithms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: United States economy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Business enterprises
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Economic indicators
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Counterparty risk
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Using Genetic Programming as a Feature Selector and Classifier to Implement Bankruptcy Prediction Models.
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            NameFull: Beade, Ángel
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            NameFull: Santos, José
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            NameFull: Rodríguez, Manuel
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            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Text: Jan2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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