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Compact Multi-Ring Reflectarray Antenna at Wi-Fi for Overcoming Signal Blockage in Dense Urban Areas.

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Title: Compact Multi-Ring Reflectarray Antenna at Wi-Fi for Overcoming Signal Blockage in Dense Urban Areas.
Authors: Manikya Kumar, Make Madhu1,2 madhu.make2@gmail.com, Kolisetty, Rama Devi1
Source: Progress in Electromagnetics Research C. 2026, Vol. 165, p239-246. 8p.
Subjects: Reflectarray antennas, Beam steering, Wireless Internet, Wireless communications, Interference (Telecommunication), Cities & towns, Radio frequency, Unit cell
Abstract: The demand for reliable and high-speed wireless communication in urban environments such as offices and densely populated areas is often hindered by signal obstructions. Reflectarray antennas offering beam-steering capabilities through passive configurations have gained significant attention as a potential solution. However, existing designs at lower frequency bands struggle to achieve efficient phase variation within a single layer while maintaining high gain and consistent performance. In order to overcome these constraints, this work presents a reflectarray design that operates at 5 GHz. It utilizes a 15 x 15 multi-ring unit cell structure on a single-layer FR4 substrate to achieve a complete 360o phase variation. Two prototypes were fabricated to steer beams at 30o and 60o, demonstrating the design's flexibility and adaptability for various application-specific requirements. The proposed reflectarray realizes a peak gain of 21 dBi and operates over a wide frequency range of 4.5-5.5 GHz, as validated through simulated and experimental results. The design effectively enhances signal coverage and addresses blockage challenges in urban areas, providing a practical solution for passive reflectarrays in Wi-Fi and similar wireless communication applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Progress in Electromagnetics Research C is the property of Electromagnetics Academy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Compact Multi-Ring Reflectarray Antenna at Wi-Fi for Overcoming Signal Blockage in Dense Urban Areas.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Progress+in+Electromagnetics+Research+C%22">Progress in Electromagnetics Research C</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 165, p239-246. 8p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reflectarray+antennas%22">Reflectarray antennas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Beam+steering%22">Beam steering</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wireless+Internet%22">Wireless Internet</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wireless+communications%22">Wireless communications</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interference+%28Telecommunication%29%22">Interference (Telecommunication)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cities+%26+towns%22">Cities & towns</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radio+frequency%22">Radio frequency</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Unit+cell%22">Unit cell</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: The demand for reliable and high-speed wireless communication in urban environments such as offices and densely populated areas is often hindered by signal obstructions. Reflectarray antennas offering beam-steering capabilities through passive configurations have gained significant attention as a potential solution. However, existing designs at lower frequency bands struggle to achieve efficient phase variation within a single layer while maintaining high gain and consistent performance. In order to overcome these constraints, this work presents a reflectarray design that operates at 5 GHz. It utilizes a 15 x 15 multi-ring unit cell structure on a single-layer FR4 substrate to achieve a complete 360o phase variation. Two prototypes were fabricated to steer beams at 30o and 60o, demonstrating the design's flexibility and adaptability for various application-specific requirements. The proposed reflectarray realizes a peak gain of 21 dBi and operates over a wide frequency range of 4.5-5.5 GHz, as validated through simulated and experimental results. The design effectively enhances signal coverage and addresses blockage challenges in urban areas, providing a practical solution for passive reflectarrays in Wi-Fi and similar wireless communication applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Progress in Electromagnetics Research C is the property of Electromagnetics Academy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.2528/PIERC25061102
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 8
        StartPage: 239
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Reflectarray antennas
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Beam steering
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Wireless Internet
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Wireless communications
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Interference (Telecommunication)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cities & towns
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Radio frequency
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Unit cell
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Compact Multi-Ring Reflectarray Antenna at Wi-Fi for Overcoming Signal Blockage in Dense Urban Areas.
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            NameFull: Manikya Kumar, Make Madhu
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            NameFull: Kolisetty, Rama Devi
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 03
              Text: 2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 165
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            – TitleFull: Progress in Electromagnetics Research C
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