System identification of batch milk cooling using output error models.
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| Title: | System identification of batch milk cooling using output error models. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Agustriyanto, Rudy1 rudy.agustriyanto@staff.ubaya.ac.id, Widianto, Aloisiyus Yuli1, Purwanto, Edy1, Setyopratomo, Puguh1 |
| Source: | Telkomnika. Feb2026, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p282-292. 11p. |
| Subjects: | System identification, Dynamic models, Process optimization, Temperature measurements, Dairy processing |
| Abstract: | Accurate modelling of milk cooling dynamics is essential to maintain product quality and improve energy efficiency in small-scale dairy operations. This study aims to develop a dynamic model for a batch milk-cooling system used at Koperasi Unit Desa Sinau Andandani Ekonomi (KUD SAE) Pujon. Synthetic temperature data were generated under controlled perturbations reflecting actual process conditions, and the data were analysed using the output error (OE) identification method implemented in the MATLAB System Identification Toolbox. Several OE model structures were compared using statistical indicators, including the coefficient of determination (R²) and root mean square error (RMSE). The OE (2,2,1) model achieved the best performance with R² = 0.9923 and RMSE = 0.0600, accurately representing the first-order dynamics of the cooling process. The identified model provides a reliable foundation for process optimisation, controller design, and operator training in dairy systems. Although the validation is limited to simulated data, the proposed approach offers substantial potential for real-time implementation and can be extended to other temperature-sensitive food processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Telkomnika is the property of Department of Electrical Engineering, Ahmad Dahlan University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 192065421 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: System identification of batch milk cooling using output error models. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Agustriyanto%2C+Rudy%22">Agustriyanto, Rudy</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> rudy.agustriyanto@staff.ubaya.ac.id</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Widianto%2C+Aloisiyus+Yuli%22">Widianto, Aloisiyus Yuli</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Purwanto%2C+Edy%22">Purwanto, Edy</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Setyopratomo%2C+Puguh%22">Setyopratomo, Puguh</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Telkomnika%22">Telkomnika</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p282-292. 11p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22System+identification%22">System identification</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dynamic+models%22">Dynamic models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Process+optimization%22">Process optimization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Temperature+measurements%22">Temperature measurements</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dairy+processing%22">Dairy processing</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Accurate modelling of milk cooling dynamics is essential to maintain product quality and improve energy efficiency in small-scale dairy operations. This study aims to develop a dynamic model for a batch milk-cooling system used at Koperasi Unit Desa Sinau Andandani Ekonomi (KUD SAE) Pujon. Synthetic temperature data were generated under controlled perturbations reflecting actual process conditions, and the data were analysed using the output error (OE) identification method implemented in the MATLAB System Identification Toolbox. Several OE model structures were compared using statistical indicators, including the coefficient of determination (R²) and root mean square error (RMSE). The OE (2,2,1) model achieved the best performance with R² = 0.9923 and RMSE = 0.0600, accurately representing the first-order dynamics of the cooling process. The identified model provides a reliable foundation for process optimisation, controller design, and operator training in dairy systems. Although the validation is limited to simulated data, the proposed approach offers substantial potential for real-time implementation and can be extended to other temperature-sensitive food processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Telkomnika is the property of Department of Electrical Engineering, Ahmad Dahlan University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v24i1.27469 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 11 StartPage: 282 Subjects: – SubjectFull: System identification Type: general – SubjectFull: Dynamic models Type: general – SubjectFull: Process optimization Type: general – SubjectFull: Temperature measurements Type: general – SubjectFull: Dairy processing Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: System identification of batch milk cooling using output error models. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Agustriyanto, Rudy – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Widianto, Aloisiyus Yuli – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Purwanto, Edy – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Setyopratomo, Puguh IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 02 Text: Feb2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 16936930 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 24 – Type: issue Value: 1 Titles: – TitleFull: Telkomnika Type: main |
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