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Surface Characterization and Optimization of Electropolishing Parameters for a Near Equiatomic Binary NiTi Alloy.

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Title: Surface Characterization and Optimization of Electropolishing Parameters for a Near Equiatomic Binary NiTi Alloy.
Authors: Ravi Kumar, L.1 (AUTHOR) ravikumar.mech@sairam.edu.in, Vijaya Ramnath, B.1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance. Mar2026, Vol. 35 Issue 9, p8390-8399. 10p.
Subjects: Electrolytic polishing, Nickel-titanium alloys, Surface analysis, Parameterization, Corrosion resistance, Electrolytes, Surface roughness
Abstract: Electropolishing is a critical surface finishing process for NiTi alloys, particularly in biomedical applications where surface smoothness, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility are essential. This study investigates the effect of electropolishing parameters, including electrolyte concentration, voltage, and processing time, on the surface characteristics of NiTi alloys. A series of nine experiments were conducted using varying electropolishing conditions, and the resulting surfaces were analyzed using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that electropolishing significantly reduced surface roughness, with the smoothest surface (Ra = 34 nm) obtained at an electrolyte concentration of 12.5% H2SO4, 20 V voltage, and 2 min processing time. Higher voltages and longer processing durations led to the formation of pits and surface roughness due to excessive material dissolution. SEM and EDS analysis confirmed the formation of TiC/TiO2 layers, which can enhance corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of the Nitinol. AFM studies validated the presence of martensitic structures, confirming that electropolishing did not alter the microstructure of the NiTi alloy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Surface Characterization and Optimization of Electropolishing Parameters for a Near Equiatomic Binary NiTi Alloy.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Materials+Engineering+%26+Performance%22">Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance</searchLink>. Mar2026, Vol. 35 Issue 9, p8390-8399. 10p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrolytic+polishing%22">Electrolytic polishing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nickel-titanium+alloys%22">Nickel-titanium alloys</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surface+analysis%22">Surface analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parameterization%22">Parameterization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Corrosion+resistance%22">Corrosion resistance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrolytes%22">Electrolytes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surface+roughness%22">Surface roughness</searchLink>
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  Data: Electropolishing is a critical surface finishing process for NiTi alloys, particularly in biomedical applications where surface smoothness, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility are essential. This study investigates the effect of electropolishing parameters, including electrolyte concentration, voltage, and processing time, on the surface characteristics of NiTi alloys. A series of nine experiments were conducted using varying electropolishing conditions, and the resulting surfaces were analyzed using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that electropolishing significantly reduced surface roughness, with the smoothest surface (Ra = 34 nm) obtained at an electrolyte concentration of 12.5% H2SO4, 20 V voltage, and 2 min processing time. Higher voltages and longer processing durations led to the formation of pits and surface roughness due to excessive material dissolution. SEM and EDS analysis confirmed the formation of TiC/TiO2 layers, which can enhance corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of the Nitinol. AFM studies validated the presence of martensitic structures, confirming that electropolishing did not alter the microstructure of the NiTi alloy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s11665-025-12290-3
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Electrolytic polishing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nickel-titanium alloys
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Surface analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Parameterization
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      – SubjectFull: Corrosion resistance
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      – SubjectFull: Electrolytes
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      – SubjectFull: Surface roughness
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      – TitleFull: Surface Characterization and Optimization of Electropolishing Parameters for a Near Equiatomic Binary NiTi Alloy.
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              M: 03
              Text: Mar2026
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              Y: 2026
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