Black hole as coherent signal amplifier.
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| Title: | Black hole as coherent signal amplifier. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Jana, Arpita1 (AUTHOR) janaarpita2001@gmail.com, Sen, Soham1 (AUTHOR) sensohomhary@gmail.com, Gangopadhyay, Sunandan1 (AUTHOR) sunandan.gangopadhyay@gmail.com |
| Source: | European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields. Feb2026, Vol. 86 Issue 2, p1-8. 8p. |
| Subjects: | Hawking radiation, Wave amplification, Black holes, Quantum optics, Heat engines |
| Abstract: | In a recent analysis (Misra et al. in npj Quantum Inf 10:34, 2024. 10.1038/s41534-024-00817-w), it has been shown that Hawking radiation is the main source of energy to empower a coherent signal pulse. In this work, we have explored the same effect for a case where the time derivative of the scalar field mode of the redirected Hawking radiation appears explicitly in the interaction Hamiltonian. We have considered a stream of two-level atoms falling freely towards the event horizon of a black hole. The Hawking radiation redirected from an orbiting mirror interacts with the atoms which make a transition between the ground state and the excited state through the emission of a signal photon. The signal pulse is amplified by the mechanical work done by the redirected Hawking mode. The whole set up works as a black hole powered quantum heat engine. We have shown that this amplification depends on the frequency of both the signal mode and the Hawking mode, the flux of the redirected Hawking mode and the lapse function of the black hole. In contrast to the result obtained in Misra et al. (npj Quantum Inf 10:34, 2024. 10.1038/s41534-024-00817-w), we observe in our analysis, that due to the coupling of the momentum degrees of freedom of the Hawking radiation modes with the freely falling detector, the power output depends inversely with the lapse function of the black hole and is proportional to the frequency of the emitted Hawking radiation. As a result the maximum output power enhances significantly if the atom is very close to the event horizon of the black hole. We have analyzed this effect for two types of detectors attached to the cavity. At first we considered a point-like detector and then we have done the analysis from the perspective of a detector with smearing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Black hole as coherent signal amplifier. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jana%2C+Arpita%22">Jana, Arpita</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> janaarpita2001@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sen%2C+Soham%22">Sen, Soham</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> sensohomhary@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gangopadhyay%2C+Sunandan%22">Gangopadhyay, Sunandan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> sunandan.gangopadhyay@gmail.com</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Physical+Journal+C+--+Particles+%26+Fields%22">European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 86 Issue 2, p1-8. 8p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hawking+radiation%22">Hawking radiation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wave+amplification%22">Wave amplification</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Black+holes%22">Black holes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quantum+optics%22">Quantum optics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+engines%22">Heat engines</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: In a recent analysis (Misra et al. in npj Quantum Inf 10:34, 2024. 10.1038/s41534-024-00817-w), it has been shown that Hawking radiation is the main source of energy to empower a coherent signal pulse. In this work, we have explored the same effect for a case where the time derivative of the scalar field mode of the redirected Hawking radiation appears explicitly in the interaction Hamiltonian. We have considered a stream of two-level atoms falling freely towards the event horizon of a black hole. The Hawking radiation redirected from an orbiting mirror interacts with the atoms which make a transition between the ground state and the excited state through the emission of a signal photon. The signal pulse is amplified by the mechanical work done by the redirected Hawking mode. The whole set up works as a black hole powered quantum heat engine. We have shown that this amplification depends on the frequency of both the signal mode and the Hawking mode, the flux of the redirected Hawking mode and the lapse function of the black hole. In contrast to the result obtained in Misra et al. (npj Quantum Inf 10:34, 2024. 10.1038/s41534-024-00817-w), we observe in our analysis, that due to the coupling of the momentum degrees of freedom of the Hawking radiation modes with the freely falling detector, the power output depends inversely with the lapse function of the black hole and is proportional to the frequency of the emitted Hawking radiation. As a result the maximum output power enhances significantly if the atom is very close to the event horizon of the black hole. We have analyzed this effect for two types of detectors attached to the cavity. At first we considered a point-like detector and then we have done the analysis from the perspective of a detector with smearing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-15439-z Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 8 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Hawking radiation Type: general – SubjectFull: Wave amplification Type: general – SubjectFull: Black holes Type: general – SubjectFull: Quantum optics Type: general – SubjectFull: Heat engines Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Black hole as coherent signal amplifier. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Jana, Arpita – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Sen, Soham – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Gangopadhyay, Sunandan IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 02 Text: Feb2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 14346044 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 86 – Type: issue Value: 2 Titles: – TitleFull: European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
