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Restoring soil and tree nutrition through non‐industrial wood ash additions to sugarbushes.

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Title: Restoring soil and tree nutrition through non‐industrial wood ash additions to sugarbushes.
Authors: Conquer, Shelby M.1 (AUTHOR) shelbyconquer@trentu.ca, Syeda, Batool S.1 (AUTHOR), Yan, Norman D.2,3 (AUTHOR), Watmough, Shaun A.1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Restoration Ecology. Mar2026, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p1-14. 14p.
Subjects: Wood ash, Soil restoration, Soil conditioners, Soil fertility, Sugar maple, Nutrient uptake, Calcium supplements, Acid precipitation (Meteorology)
Geographic Terms: Canada
Abstract: Nutrient losses from forest soils caused by decades of acid deposition have affected tree growth and depleted soils of essential nutrients in eastern North America. Non‐industrial wood ash (NIWA) is rich in macronutrients and may be a potential remediation strategy to restore lost nutrients as a forest soil amendment. We evaluated the effects of a single NIWA application on forest soils and Sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh) foliage at three sugar bush stands in Muskoka, Ontario, Canada. Soil pH and calcium (Ca) increased in the treatment plots (4 and 8 Mg/ha) 1 year after application and remained elevated into year 2. Soil potassium and magnesium concentrations also increased in the treatment plots; however, changes varied in intensity depending on the element, site, and time following application. Changes in soil metal concentrations after application were restricted to the organic soil horizons increasing in the litter in year 1 followed by a decrease in year 2 that was accompanied by increases in the fibrous‐humic layer in year 2. Base cation concentrations increased significantly in sapling and mature sugar maple foliage particularly in the mature foliage in year 2. Despite changes in soil metals, changes in foliar metal concentrations were generally not significant. Foliar Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System indices indicated deficiencies in Ca and nitrogen (N) suggesting Ca benefits take longer to appear and that supplementing with N additions on acidic soils exhibiting foliar deficiencies might prevent further imbalances from occurring while facilitating tree recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Restoration Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 192477529
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PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Restoring soil and tree nutrition through non‐industrial wood ash additions to sugarbushes.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Conquer%2C+Shelby+M%2E%22">Conquer, Shelby M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> shelbyconquer@trentu.ca</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Syeda%2C+Batool+S%2E%22">Syeda, Batool S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yan%2C+Norman+D%2E%22">Yan, Norman D.</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Watmough%2C+Shaun+A%2E%22">Watmough, Shaun A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wood+ash%22">Wood ash</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+restoration%22">Soil restoration</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+conditioners%22">Soil conditioners</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+fertility%22">Soil fertility</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sugar+maple%22">Sugar maple</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nutrient+uptake%22">Nutrient uptake</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Calcium+supplements%22">Calcium supplements</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Acid+precipitation+%28Meteorology%29%22">Acid precipitation (Meteorology)</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Canada%22">Canada</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Nutrient losses from forest soils caused by decades of acid deposition have affected tree growth and depleted soils of essential nutrients in eastern North America. Non‐industrial wood ash (NIWA) is rich in macronutrients and may be a potential remediation strategy to restore lost nutrients as a forest soil amendment. We evaluated the effects of a single NIWA application on forest soils and Sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh) foliage at three sugar bush stands in Muskoka, Ontario, Canada. Soil pH and calcium (Ca) increased in the treatment plots (4 and 8 Mg/ha) 1 year after application and remained elevated into year 2. Soil potassium and magnesium concentrations also increased in the treatment plots; however, changes varied in intensity depending on the element, site, and time following application. Changes in soil metal concentrations after application were restricted to the organic soil horizons increasing in the litter in year 1 followed by a decrease in year 2 that was accompanied by increases in the fibrous‐humic layer in year 2. Base cation concentrations increased significantly in sapling and mature sugar maple foliage particularly in the mature foliage in year 2. Despite changes in soil metals, changes in foliar metal concentrations were generally not significant. Foliar Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System indices indicated deficiencies in Ca and nitrogen (N) suggesting Ca benefits take longer to appear and that supplementing with N additions on acidic soils exhibiting foliar deficiencies might prevent further imbalances from occurring while facilitating tree recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Restoration Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/rec.70264
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Wood ash
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Soil restoration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Soil conditioners
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Soil fertility
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sugar maple
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nutrient uptake
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Calcium supplements
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Acid precipitation (Meteorology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Canada
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Restoring soil and tree nutrition through non‐industrial wood ash additions to sugarbushes.
        Type: main
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    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Conquer, Shelby M.
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            NameFull: Syeda, Batool S.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Yan, Norman D.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Watmough, Shaun A.
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 03
              Text: Mar2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 10612971
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              Value: 34
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              Value: 3
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Restoration Ecology
              Type: main
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