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A Kinetic Phase-Field Model of Diffusion Bonding: A Nonlocal Approach to Interface Coalescence.

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Title: A Kinetic Phase-Field Model of Diffusion Bonding: A Nonlocal Approach to Interface Coalescence.
Authors: Khodadad, Maryam1 mkhodada@andrew.cmu.edu, Walkington, Noel2 noelw@andrew.cmu.edu, Kalyanam, Suresh3 suresh.kalyanam@westinghouse.com, Pozzi, Matteo1 mpozzi@andrew.cmu.edu, Dayal, Kaushik1,2,4 kaushik.dayal@cmu.edu
Source: Journal of Applied Mechanics. Apr2026, Vol. 93 Issue 4, p1-15. 15p.
Subjects: Diffusion bonding (Metals), Solid-solid interfaces, Mathematical invariants, Temperature effect, Conservation laws (Mathematics)
Abstract: Conventional phase-field models often drive solid-solid interfaces to coalesce when in close proximity. This feature limits their use for processes like diffusion bonding, where the interfaces might need to remain distinct under certain thermodynamic conditions. We develop a kinetic phase-field model to address this problem, using an evolution equation based on a geometric conservation law for interfaces, rather than the gradient descent evolution that is typical in phase-field modeling. This formulation enables us to specify complex kinetic laws, and we use this to incorporate a physically motivated geometric criterion to control interface merging. This criterion, based on nonlocal higher-derivative curvature invariants of the phase field, can be temperature-dependent, allows for a range of behaviors from complete coalescence to the preservation of distinct boundaries. Simulations show controlled bonding kinetics, demonstrating capabilities that are not available with existing methods for modeling interfaces that must remain distinct under given thermodynamic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Applied Mechanics is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 192500359
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: A Kinetic Phase-Field Model of Diffusion Bonding: A Nonlocal Approach to Interface Coalescence.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Khodadad%2C+Maryam%22">Khodadad, Maryam</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> mkhodada@andrew.cmu.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Walkington%2C+Noel%22">Walkington, Noel</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> noelw@andrew.cmu.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kalyanam%2C+Suresh%22">Kalyanam, Suresh</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><i> suresh.kalyanam@westinghouse.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pozzi%2C+Matteo%22">Pozzi, Matteo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> mpozzi@andrew.cmu.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dayal%2C+Kaushik%22">Dayal, Kaushik</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,4</relatesTo><i> kaushik.dayal@cmu.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Applied+Mechanics%22">Journal of Applied Mechanics</searchLink>. Apr2026, Vol. 93 Issue 4, p1-15. 15p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Diffusion+bonding+%28Metals%29%22">Diffusion bonding (Metals)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Solid-solid+interfaces%22">Solid-solid interfaces</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mathematical+invariants%22">Mathematical invariants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Temperature+effect%22">Temperature effect</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Conservation+laws+%28Mathematics%29%22">Conservation laws (Mathematics)</searchLink>
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  Data: Conventional phase-field models often drive solid-solid interfaces to coalesce when in close proximity. This feature limits their use for processes like diffusion bonding, where the interfaces might need to remain distinct under certain thermodynamic conditions. We develop a kinetic phase-field model to address this problem, using an evolution equation based on a geometric conservation law for interfaces, rather than the gradient descent evolution that is typical in phase-field modeling. This formulation enables us to specify complex kinetic laws, and we use this to incorporate a physically motivated geometric criterion to control interface merging. This criterion, based on nonlocal higher-derivative curvature invariants of the phase field, can be temperature-dependent, allows for a range of behaviors from complete coalescence to the preservation of distinct boundaries. Simulations show controlled bonding kinetics, demonstrating capabilities that are not available with existing methods for modeling interfaces that must remain distinct under given thermodynamic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Applied Mechanics is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1115/1.4071127
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 15
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Diffusion bonding (Metals)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Solid-solid interfaces
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mathematical invariants
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Temperature effect
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Conservation laws (Mathematics)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: A Kinetic Phase-Field Model of Diffusion Bonding: A Nonlocal Approach to Interface Coalescence.
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            NameFull: Khodadad, Maryam
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            NameFull: Walkington, Noel
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            NameFull: Kalyanam, Suresh
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            NameFull: Pozzi, Matteo
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            NameFull: Dayal, Kaushik
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            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Text: Apr2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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