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An angle sensor based on polymer optical fibers with cladding doped by rhodamine B.

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Title: An angle sensor based on polymer optical fibers with cladding doped by rhodamine B.
Authors: Ma, Yinhua1 (AUTHOR), Dong, Wenfei1 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Zhi Feng1 (AUTHOR) zhifengzhang@nxnu.edu.cn
Source: Optical Fiber Technology. Jul2026, Vol. 99, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Optical fiber cladding, Optical fibers, Radius (Geometry), Ray tracing algorithms, Optical fiber detectors
Abstract: • Angle sensors based on doped polymer optical fibers are proposed. • The cladding of optical fibers is doped by rhodamine B in aqueous solutions. • Higher doping concentration results better angle sensitivity. • The highest angle sensitivity achieved is 0.0519 dB/°. The present study proposes to utilize rhodamine B (RhB) doped polymer optical fibers (POFs) for angle sensing. POFs are doped by immersing the fiber in the aqueous solution dissolved with RhB at elevated temperatures so that RhB molecules diffuse into the fiber. It is found that most RhB molecules are in the cladding. That is, only the fiber cladding is doped by RhB. The doping process involves no physical modification to POFs, thus the sensor fabrication process is facile and mechanical properties of POFs are not impacted. Two major factors that influence the angle sensing performance of the sensor are investigated, namely, the bending radius and the fiber diameter. Along with experimental study, ray-tracing simulation is also conducted to investigate their influence. Bending radius of 1, 2, 3 mm and two POFs in diameter of 250 and 500 μm are tested. In addition, POFs with different doping concentrations are fabricated and tested to examine its influence on the sensitivity. Among all fabricated sensors and various sensing conditions, the highest angle sensitivity of 0.0519 dB/° is achieved by the doped POF in diameter of 500 μm for the bending radius of 1 mm. It isn't the highest among similar technologies, but easy fabrication process and embedding would make it attractive for practical angle sensing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Optical Fiber Technology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 192569111
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: An angle sensor based on polymer optical fibers with cladding doped by rhodamine B.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ma%2C+Yinhua%22">Ma, Yinhua</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dong%2C+Wenfei%22">Dong, Wenfei</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Zhi+Feng%22">Zhang, Zhi Feng</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> zhifengzhang@nxnu.edu.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Optical+Fiber+Technology%22">Optical Fiber Technology</searchLink>. Jul2026, Vol. 99, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+fiber+cladding%22">Optical fiber cladding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+fibers%22">Optical fibers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radius+%28Geometry%29%22">Radius (Geometry)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ray+tracing+algorithms%22">Ray tracing algorithms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+fiber+detectors%22">Optical fiber detectors</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: • Angle sensors based on doped polymer optical fibers are proposed. • The cladding of optical fibers is doped by rhodamine B in aqueous solutions. • Higher doping concentration results better angle sensitivity. • The highest angle sensitivity achieved is 0.0519 dB/°. The present study proposes to utilize rhodamine B (RhB) doped polymer optical fibers (POFs) for angle sensing. POFs are doped by immersing the fiber in the aqueous solution dissolved with RhB at elevated temperatures so that RhB molecules diffuse into the fiber. It is found that most RhB molecules are in the cladding. That is, only the fiber cladding is doped by RhB. The doping process involves no physical modification to POFs, thus the sensor fabrication process is facile and mechanical properties of POFs are not impacted. Two major factors that influence the angle sensing performance of the sensor are investigated, namely, the bending radius and the fiber diameter. Along with experimental study, ray-tracing simulation is also conducted to investigate their influence. Bending radius of 1, 2, 3 mm and two POFs in diameter of 250 and 500 μm are tested. In addition, POFs with different doping concentrations are fabricated and tested to examine its influence on the sensitivity. Among all fabricated sensors and various sensing conditions, the highest angle sensitivity of 0.0519 dB/° is achieved by the doped POF in diameter of 500 μm for the bending radius of 1 mm. It isn't the highest among similar technologies, but easy fabrication process and embedding would make it attractive for practical angle sensing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Optical Fiber Technology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.yofte.2026.104584
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Optical fiber cladding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Optical fibers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Radius (Geometry)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ray tracing algorithms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Optical fiber detectors
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: An angle sensor based on polymer optical fibers with cladding doped by rhodamine B.
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            NameFull: Ma, Yinhua
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            NameFull: Dong, Wenfei
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            NameFull: Zhang, Zhi Feng
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: Jul2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 99
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            – TitleFull: Optical Fiber Technology
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