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Drying efficiency enhancement in zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) using infrared heater film and algorithm-based control.

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Title: Drying efficiency enhancement in zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) using infrared heater film and algorithm-based control.
Authors: Aktekeli, Burak1 (AUTHOR), Şevik, Seyfi2 (AUTHOR) seyfisevik@hitit.edu.tr, Ünal, Kenan3 (AUTHOR), Güven, Yaren4 (AUTHOR), Vadi, Seyfettin5 (AUTHOR), Aktaş, Mustafa4 (AUTHOR)
Source: Drying Technology. 2026, Vol. 44 Issue 5, p670-697. 28p.
Subjects: Adaptive control systems, Infrared heating, Heat recovery, Agricultural processing, Product quality, Energy conservation, Food dehydration, Process control systems
Abstract: This study introduces a hybrid drying system that incorporates an air-to-air heat recovery unit with infrared heating film (IRHF) technology, experimentally evaluated under classical (on-off), proportional-integral (PI), and adaptive firing angle (AFA) control modes through seven trials on zucchini fruit (Cucurbita pepo L.). Results demonstrate that adaptive control consistently outperforms traditional modes by achieving a favorable balance between efficiency, energy savings, and product quality. Notably, Experiment 5 and Experiment 6 achieved the highest efficiency gains (25.19% and 23.72%), while Experiment 7 delivered remarkable energy savings (78.55%) despite a 21.63% longer drying time. Experiment 4 provided the best overall balance, with 13.44% higher efficiency, 56.73% shorter drying time, and 57.04% energy savings. Experiment 3 offered a conservative option, maintaining visual quality with 45.41% energy and 35.21% time savings. Overall, adaptive protocols enable flexible optimization: aggressive settings maximize energy recovery, while conservative ones safeguard product esthetics. The proposed system highlights the systematic advantages of adaptive algorithms in managing the "efficiency–energy–quality" tradeoff, offering scalable and environmentally conscious solutions for agricultural post-harvest processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Drying Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 192628783
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Drying efficiency enhancement in zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) using infrared heater film and algorithm-based control.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Aktekeli%2C+Burak%22">Aktekeli, Burak</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Şevik%2C+Seyfi%22">Şevik, Seyfi</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> seyfisevik@hitit.edu.tr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ünal%2C+Kenan%22">Ünal, Kenan</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Güven%2C+Yaren%22">Güven, Yaren</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vadi%2C+Seyfettin%22">Vadi, Seyfettin</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Aktaş%2C+Mustafa%22">Aktaş, Mustafa</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Drying+Technology%22">Drying Technology</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 44 Issue 5, p670-697. 28p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adaptive+control+systems%22">Adaptive control systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Infrared+heating%22">Infrared heating</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+recovery%22">Heat recovery</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Agricultural+processing%22">Agricultural processing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Product+quality%22">Product quality</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+conservation%22">Energy conservation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Food+dehydration%22">Food dehydration</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Process+control+systems%22">Process control systems</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This study introduces a hybrid drying system that incorporates an air-to-air heat recovery unit with infrared heating film (IRHF) technology, experimentally evaluated under classical (on-off), proportional-integral (PI), and adaptive firing angle (AFA) control modes through seven trials on zucchini fruit (Cucurbita pepo L.). Results demonstrate that adaptive control consistently outperforms traditional modes by achieving a favorable balance between efficiency, energy savings, and product quality. Notably, Experiment 5 and Experiment 6 achieved the highest efficiency gains (25.19% and 23.72%), while Experiment 7 delivered remarkable energy savings (78.55%) despite a 21.63% longer drying time. Experiment 4 provided the best overall balance, with 13.44% higher efficiency, 56.73% shorter drying time, and 57.04% energy savings. Experiment 3 offered a conservative option, maintaining visual quality with 45.41% energy and 35.21% time savings. Overall, adaptive protocols enable flexible optimization: aggressive settings maximize energy recovery, while conservative ones safeguard product esthetics. The proposed system highlights the systematic advantages of adaptive algorithms in managing the "efficiency–energy–quality" tradeoff, offering scalable and environmentally conscious solutions for agricultural post-harvest processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Drying Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/07373937.2026.2631681
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 28
        StartPage: 670
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      – SubjectFull: Adaptive control systems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Infrared heating
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Heat recovery
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Agricultural processing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Product quality
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Energy conservation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Food dehydration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Process control systems
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Drying efficiency enhancement in zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) using infrared heater film and algorithm-based control.
        Type: main
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          Name:
            NameFull: Aktekeli, Burak
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            NameFull: Şevik, Seyfi
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            NameFull: Ünal, Kenan
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            NameFull: Güven, Yaren
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            NameFull: Vadi, Seyfettin
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            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Text: 2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 44
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              Value: 5
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            – TitleFull: Drying Technology
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