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Microstructural Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Al–5Cu–0.4Mg–0.1Zr (–0.4Ag) Alloys Processed by Continuous Cast and Conform Processes.

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Title: Microstructural Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Al–5Cu–0.4Mg–0.1Zr (–0.4Ag) Alloys Processed by Continuous Cast and Conform Processes.
Authors: Wang, Yunhai1,2 (AUTHOR), Gao, Qianwang2,3 (AUTHOR), Cheng, Quanshi3,4 (AUTHOR), Lin, Zhongliang4 (AUTHOR), Xu, Yongchun4,5 (AUTHOR), Tang, Jie1,5,6 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Hui1,6 (AUTHOR), Teng, Jie1,2 (AUTHOR), Jiang, Fulin1,2,3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Materials (1996-1944). Mar2026, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p846. 16p.
Subjects: Continuous casting, Extrusion process, Aluminum-copper-magnesium alloys, Heat treatment, Precipitation hardening, Microstructure, Mechanical behavior of materials, Grain refinement
Abstract: The Al–Cu–Mg–Ag alloys have excellent specific strength, good heat resistance and have a wide range of applications in the aerospace and automotive industries. However, industrial production of such alloys is a great challenge owing to the addition of Ag, which limits their widespread application. In this work, the industrial continuous cast and continuous extrusion (Conform) processes were employed to prepare Al–5Cu–0.4Mg–0.1Zr (–0.4Ag) alloys, and the effects of Ag addition on the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties during processing and heat treatment were investigated. The results indicated that Ag addition significantly refined grain size, increased high-angle grain boundary fraction and grain orientation difference in as-cast Al–5Cu–0.4Mg–0.1Zr (–0.4Ag) alloys, and suppressed excessive grain coarsening during homogenizing annealing. During Conform, Ag further refined grain size, increased subgrain number and enhanced grain orientation difference in extruded alloys. For the aging heat treatment, the T6 process demonstrated superior strengthening effects compared to the T5 process. Following T6 treatment, Ag promoted efficient and uniform precipitation of the Ω (Al2CuMgAg) phase and then significantly enhanced peak hardness (160 HV) and tensile strength (511.46 ± 2.06 MPa). Additionally, Ag accelerated second-phase dissolution throughout the entire process and produced finer, denser ductile dimples on tensile fracture surfaces to gain good strength–ductility balance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Microstructural Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Al–5Cu–0.4Mg–0.1Zr (–0.4Ag) Alloys Processed by Continuous Cast and Conform Processes.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Continuous+casting%22">Continuous casting</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Extrusion+process%22">Extrusion process</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aluminum-copper-magnesium+alloys%22">Aluminum-copper-magnesium alloys</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+treatment%22">Heat treatment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Precipitation+hardening%22">Precipitation hardening</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microstructure%22">Microstructure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mechanical+behavior+of+materials%22">Mechanical behavior of materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Grain+refinement%22">Grain refinement</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: The Al–Cu–Mg–Ag alloys have excellent specific strength, good heat resistance and have a wide range of applications in the aerospace and automotive industries. However, industrial production of such alloys is a great challenge owing to the addition of Ag, which limits their widespread application. In this work, the industrial continuous cast and continuous extrusion (Conform) processes were employed to prepare Al–5Cu–0.4Mg–0.1Zr (–0.4Ag) alloys, and the effects of Ag addition on the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties during processing and heat treatment were investigated. The results indicated that Ag addition significantly refined grain size, increased high-angle grain boundary fraction and grain orientation difference in as-cast Al–5Cu–0.4Mg–0.1Zr (–0.4Ag) alloys, and suppressed excessive grain coarsening during homogenizing annealing. During Conform, Ag further refined grain size, increased subgrain number and enhanced grain orientation difference in extruded alloys. For the aging heat treatment, the T6 process demonstrated superior strengthening effects compared to the T5 process. Following T6 treatment, Ag promoted efficient and uniform precipitation of the Ω (Al2CuMgAg) phase and then significantly enhanced peak hardness (160 HV) and tensile strength (511.46 ± 2.06 MPa). Additionally, Ag accelerated second-phase dissolution throughout the entire process and produced finer, denser ductile dimples on tensile fracture surfaces to gain good strength–ductility balance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/ma19050846
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 846
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Continuous casting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Extrusion process
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Aluminum-copper-magnesium alloys
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Heat treatment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Precipitation hardening
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      – SubjectFull: Microstructure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mechanical behavior of materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Grain refinement
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Microstructural Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Al–5Cu–0.4Mg–0.1Zr (–0.4Ag) Alloys Processed by Continuous Cast and Conform Processes.
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            – D: 01
              M: 03
              Text: Mar2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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