A Green P–N–Al Synergistic System for Eco-Friendly Flame-Retardant Polystyrene.
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| Title: | A Green P–N–Al Synergistic System for Eco-Friendly Flame-Retardant Polystyrene. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Li, Zhunzhun1,2 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Qimei2 (AUTHOR), Cui, Jian1 (AUTHOR) jiancui@qust.edu.cn, Yan, Yehai1,2 (AUTHOR) yhyan@qust.edu.cn |
| Source: | Materials (1996-1944). Mar2026, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p941. 18p. |
| Subjects: | Polystyrene, Fireproofing agents, Mechanical behavior of materials, Fire prevention, Hazardous substances |
| Abstract: | Highlights: What are the main findings? Developed a green flame-retardant strategy using bio-based PA and halogen-free components for PS Achieved 28.5% LOI, UL-94 V-0, 73.8% pHRR reduction, and 78.4% tensile strength retention Revealed cooperative condensed- and gas-phase flame-retardant mechanisms via in situ P-N-Al network What are the implications of the main findings? Offers an eco-friendly strategy for high-performance flame-retardant PS materials Provides a new approach to overcome the flame-retardancy/mechanics trade-off in polymers Demonstrates a design strategy for multifunctional composites with balanced safety and performance Polystyrene (PS) is widely used yet highly flammable, and developing halogen-free flame retardants that ensure both high fire safety and mechanical performance remains a challenge. A green intumescent system comprising ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) and phytic acid–triethylenetetramine (PA–TETA) was incorporated into PS powder via sequential solution grinding and hot pressing. The optimal formulation, PS/10ADP/15PA–TETA, achieved a limiting oxygen index of 28.5% with a UL-94 V-0 rating, and reduced the peak heat release rate and total heat release by 73.8% and 46.2%, respectively, while retaining 78.4% of the tensile strength of neat PS. The ADP/PA–TETA system operates via a cooperative condensed-phase charring and gas-phase dilution mechanism, achieving superior flame retardancy in PS composites. This work provides an effective and eco-friendly strategy for fabricating high-performance PS composites with balanced flame retardancy and mechanical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 192640213 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: A Green P–N–Al Synergistic System for Eco-Friendly Flame-Retardant Polystyrene. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Zhunzhun%22">Li, Zhunzhun</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Qimei%22">Zhang, Qimei</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cui%2C+Jian%22">Cui, Jian</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> jiancui@qust.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yan%2C+Yehai%22">Yan, Yehai</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> yhyan@qust.edu.cn</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. Mar2026, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p941. 18p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polystyrene%22">Polystyrene</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fireproofing+agents%22">Fireproofing agents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mechanical+behavior+of+materials%22">Mechanical behavior of materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fire+prevention%22">Fire prevention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hazardous+substances%22">Hazardous substances</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Highlights: What are the main findings? Developed a green flame-retardant strategy using bio-based PA and halogen-free components for PS Achieved 28.5% LOI, UL-94 V-0, 73.8% pHRR reduction, and 78.4% tensile strength retention Revealed cooperative condensed- and gas-phase flame-retardant mechanisms via in situ P-N-Al network What are the implications of the main findings? Offers an eco-friendly strategy for high-performance flame-retardant PS materials Provides a new approach to overcome the flame-retardancy/mechanics trade-off in polymers Demonstrates a design strategy for multifunctional composites with balanced safety and performance Polystyrene (PS) is widely used yet highly flammable, and developing halogen-free flame retardants that ensure both high fire safety and mechanical performance remains a challenge. A green intumescent system comprising ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) and phytic acid–triethylenetetramine (PA–TETA) was incorporated into PS powder via sequential solution grinding and hot pressing. The optimal formulation, PS/10ADP/15PA–TETA, achieved a limiting oxygen index of 28.5% with a UL-94 V-0 rating, and reduced the peak heat release rate and total heat release by 73.8% and 46.2%, respectively, while retaining 78.4% of the tensile strength of neat PS. The ADP/PA–TETA system operates via a cooperative condensed-phase charring and gas-phase dilution mechanism, achieving superior flame retardancy in PS composites. This work provides an effective and eco-friendly strategy for fabricating high-performance PS composites with balanced flame retardancy and mechanical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.3390/ma19050941 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 18 StartPage: 941 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Polystyrene Type: general – SubjectFull: Fireproofing agents Type: general – SubjectFull: Mechanical behavior of materials Type: general – SubjectFull: Fire prevention Type: general – SubjectFull: Hazardous substances Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: A Green P–N–Al Synergistic System for Eco-Friendly Flame-Retardant Polystyrene. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Li, Zhunzhun – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Zhang, Qimei – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Cui, Jian – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Yan, Yehai IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 03 Text: Mar2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 19961944 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 19 – Type: issue Value: 5 Titles: – TitleFull: Materials (1996-1944) Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
