Semi-Analytical Investigation into the Balanced Performance of Thick-Walled Fiber-Reinforced Flexible Pipes.

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Title: Semi-Analytical Investigation into the Balanced Performance of Thick-Walled Fiber-Reinforced Flexible Pipes.
Authors: You, Jingyue1 (AUTHOR) 21100203@nue.edu.cn, Zhao, Yinglong1 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Ben1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Materials (1996-1944). Mar2026, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p1007. 23p.
Subjects: Newton-Raphson method, Strain energy, Continuum mechanics, Fiber orientation, Water-pipes, Numerical analysis
Abstract: The balanced performance of fiber-reinforced flexible (FRF) pipes is essential for maintaining dimensional stability and structural integrity in pipelines. However, current theoretical approaches face challenges in simultaneously incorporating end effects, geometric nonlinearity, and material nonlinearity, resulting in a persistent reliance on engineering experience when determining balanced fiber winding angles. This work proposes a semi-analytical method for evaluating the balanced performance of thick-walled FRF pipes, based on the strain energy density function, with governing equations established by integrating finite deformation theory and the principle of minimum potential energy. A displacement trial function is adopted to approximate the actual displacement field, with its coefficients determined iteratively using the Newton–Raphson method. An eight-coefficient displacement trial function demonstrates effectiveness in characterizing the pipe's deformation characteristics under the maximum working internal pressure, capturing key deformation features such as radial inward expansion with outward restraint gradient, nonlinear axial deformation, and axial end warping. The proposed method is validated against both experimental results and finite element simulations, and an analysis of the fiber winding angle's influence on balanced performance is conducted, thereby establishing a theoretical basis for the design of self-balanced thick-walled FRF pipes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Semi-Analytical Investigation into the Balanced Performance of Thick-Walled Fiber-Reinforced Flexible Pipes.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22You%2C+Jingyue%22">You, Jingyue</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> 21100203@nue.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhao%2C+Yinglong%22">Zhao, Yinglong</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Ben%22">Zhang, Ben</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. Mar2026, Vol. 19 Issue 5, p1007. 23p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Newton-Raphson+method%22">Newton-Raphson method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Strain+energy%22">Strain energy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Continuum+mechanics%22">Continuum mechanics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fiber+orientation%22">Fiber orientation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Water-pipes%22">Water-pipes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Numerical+analysis%22">Numerical analysis</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The balanced performance of fiber-reinforced flexible (FRF) pipes is essential for maintaining dimensional stability and structural integrity in pipelines. However, current theoretical approaches face challenges in simultaneously incorporating end effects, geometric nonlinearity, and material nonlinearity, resulting in a persistent reliance on engineering experience when determining balanced fiber winding angles. This work proposes a semi-analytical method for evaluating the balanced performance of thick-walled FRF pipes, based on the strain energy density function, with governing equations established by integrating finite deformation theory and the principle of minimum potential energy. A displacement trial function is adopted to approximate the actual displacement field, with its coefficients determined iteratively using the Newton–Raphson method. An eight-coefficient displacement trial function demonstrates effectiveness in characterizing the pipe's deformation characteristics under the maximum working internal pressure, capturing key deformation features such as radial inward expansion with outward restraint gradient, nonlinear axial deformation, and axial end warping. The proposed method is validated against both experimental results and finite element simulations, and an analysis of the fiber winding angle's influence on balanced performance is conducted, thereby establishing a theoretical basis for the design of self-balanced thick-walled FRF pipes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/ma19051007
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 23
        StartPage: 1007
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Newton-Raphson method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Strain energy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Continuum mechanics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fiber orientation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Water-pipes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Numerical analysis
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Semi-Analytical Investigation into the Balanced Performance of Thick-Walled Fiber-Reinforced Flexible Pipes.
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            NameFull: You, Jingyue
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          Name:
            NameFull: Zhao, Yinglong
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Zhang, Ben
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 03
              Text: Mar2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 19961944
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              Value: 19
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              Value: 5
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            – TitleFull: Materials (1996-1944)
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