Bibliographic Details
| Title: |
ОЦІНКА СТІЙКОСТІ СТЕГАНОГРАФІЧНОГО МЕТОДУ З КОДОВИМ УПРАВЛІННЯМ ДЛЯ РІЗНИХ КЛАСІВ КОНТЕЙНЕРІВ. |
| Alternate Title: |
ASSESSMENT OF THE ROBUSTNESS OF A STEGANOGRAPHIC METHOD WITH CODE-BASED CONTROL FOR DIFFERENT CLASSES OF CONTAINERS. |
| Authors: |
Кілко, В. В.1 vladimyr.kilko@gmail.com, Соколов, А. В.1 |
| Source: |
Informatics & Mathematical Methods in Simulation / Informatika ta Matematičnì Metodi v Modelûvannì. 2026, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p106-115. 10p. |
| Subjects: |
Image compression, Error rates, Digital image watermarking, Texture analysis (Image processing) |
| Abstract: |
The paper presents the results of experimental research on the influence of the choice of codeword on the reliability of perception and robustness of steganographic embedding in images. The paper focuses on an approach with code control, which enables the control of information hiding through code structure parameters without altering the data representation domain. The research was conducted on a set of 500 images classified by texture level (smooth, medium-textured, highly detailed, and mixed), which enabled the establishment of patterns between the type of container, the choice of codeword, and the recoverability of the hidden message after JPEG compression. Six types of codewords were considered in the experiment: constant (Const), lowfrequency (LF), combined low-frequency (LF-C), medium-frequency (MF), high-frequency (HF), and Bent. For each image, embedding and subsequent recovery of data after compression were performed at quality levels QF=10…100, and the efficiency was evaluated by the recovery bit error rate. The results confirmed that the choice of codeword has a decisive influence on the stability of the hidden information, while the difference between the classes of container images has a noticeable but incomparable effect in scale. It was found that the low-frequency codeword provides the optimal robustness for QF>20, while the constant codeword is effective for hard compression (QF≤20). The high-frequency codeword is advisable to use only in scenarios where the priority is to preserve maximum reliability of perception, and robustness is not critical. The bent codeword demonstrated the smallest spread in the percentage of errors during extraction among all image classes, confirming its universality and uniform energy distribution in the Walsh-Hadamard domain. The proposed recommendations allow the formation of adaptive steganography systems with code control, capable of automatically selecting the frequency profile of the codeword according to the properties of the container and the level of expected compression. The results obtained can be used to improve the efficiency and reliability of steganographic methods in practical systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: |
Engineering Source |
