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Corrosion of 316 SS in direct contact with Zircaloy-4 in repository relevant conditions.

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Title: Corrosion of 316 SS in direct contact with Zircaloy-4 in repository relevant conditions.
Authors: Nguyen, Steven1 (AUTHOR), Weber, Juliane1,2 (AUTHOR) weberj@ornl.gov, Zhang, Maximilian1 (AUTHOR), Caporuscio, Florie3 (AUTHOR), Migdissov, Artaches3 (AUTHOR), Rock, Marlena3 (AUTHOR), Finkeldei, Sarah1 (AUTHOR) sfinkeld@uci.edu
Source: Journal of Nuclear Materials. May2026, Vol. 627, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Stainless steel, Nuclear fuel claddings, Radioactive waste canisters, Corrosion & anti-corrosives, Electrolytic corrosion, Chromite, Phase equilibrium, Groundwater
Abstract: • Hydrothermal corrosion experiments using synthetic Mont Terri groundwater show increase in pH and lowering of redox potential as corrosion proceeds. • Consistency between experimental Mont Terri groundwater experiments and thermodynamic modeling suggest that corrosion of iron in 316 SS will control pH and redox potential of groundwater in case of waste canister failure. • Zircaloy-4 contact enhances the corrosion of 316 SS due to Chromite formed exclusively at interface between 316 SS and Zircaloy-4 at 250 °C. The effects of interfacial contact between 316 stainless steel (316 SS) waste canister and spent fuel cladding material (Zircaloy-4) in case of water intrusion into a deep geological repository are investigated. Hydrothermal corrosion experiments of 316 SS and Zircaloy-4 in direct contact were performed at elevated temperatures in MilliQ water and simulated Mont Terri groundwater. Hematite, magnetite, chromite, and baddeleyite form as secondary phases. pH of the Mont Terri solution increases with corrosion duration and magnetite forms preferentially instead of hematite. Thermodynamic modeling shows that iron oxidation in 316 SS controls the pH and redox potential of the aqueous environment and is in good agreement with experimental Mont Terri results, showing that experimental Mont Terri results trend to equilibrium. All oxides except hematite are predicted to exist at thermodynamic equilibrium based on calculations, implying that experimentally formed hematite will be reduced or transformed to magnetite at equilibrium. The thermodynamically predicted chromite was observed to form only at the interface where 316 SS was in contact with Zircaloy-4 at 250 °C, showing that contact with Zircaloy-4 seems to accelerate the 316 SS corrosion to thermodynamic equilibrium. In conclusion, Mont Terri groundwater readily trends towards thermodynamic equilibrium, leading to a pH and redox buffered system that is dominated by iron in solution coming from the accelerated corrosion of 316 SS caused by Zircaloy-4 contact. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 192840612
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Corrosion of 316 SS in direct contact with Zircaloy-4 in repository relevant conditions.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nguyen%2C+Steven%22">Nguyen, Steven</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Weber%2C+Juliane%22">Weber, Juliane</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> weberj@ornl.gov</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Maximilian%22">Zhang, Maximilian</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Caporuscio%2C+Florie%22">Caporuscio, Florie</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Migdissov%2C+Artaches%22">Migdissov, Artaches</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rock%2C+Marlena%22">Rock, Marlena</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Finkeldei%2C+Sarah%22">Finkeldei, Sarah</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> sfinkeld@uci.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Nuclear+Materials%22">Journal of Nuclear Materials</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 627, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stainless+steel%22">Stainless steel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nuclear+fuel+claddings%22">Nuclear fuel claddings</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radioactive+waste+canisters%22">Radioactive waste canisters</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Corrosion+%26+anti-corrosives%22">Corrosion & anti-corrosives</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrolytic+corrosion%22">Electrolytic corrosion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chromite%22">Chromite</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phase+equilibrium%22">Phase equilibrium</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Groundwater%22">Groundwater</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: • Hydrothermal corrosion experiments using synthetic Mont Terri groundwater show increase in pH and lowering of redox potential as corrosion proceeds. • Consistency between experimental Mont Terri groundwater experiments and thermodynamic modeling suggest that corrosion of iron in 316 SS will control pH and redox potential of groundwater in case of waste canister failure. • Zircaloy-4 contact enhances the corrosion of 316 SS due to Chromite formed exclusively at interface between 316 SS and Zircaloy-4 at 250 °C. The effects of interfacial contact between 316 stainless steel (316 SS) waste canister and spent fuel cladding material (Zircaloy-4) in case of water intrusion into a deep geological repository are investigated. Hydrothermal corrosion experiments of 316 SS and Zircaloy-4 in direct contact were performed at elevated temperatures in MilliQ water and simulated Mont Terri groundwater. Hematite, magnetite, chromite, and baddeleyite form as secondary phases. pH of the Mont Terri solution increases with corrosion duration and magnetite forms preferentially instead of hematite. Thermodynamic modeling shows that iron oxidation in 316 SS controls the pH and redox potential of the aqueous environment and is in good agreement with experimental Mont Terri results, showing that experimental Mont Terri results trend to equilibrium. All oxides except hematite are predicted to exist at thermodynamic equilibrium based on calculations, implying that experimentally formed hematite will be reduced or transformed to magnetite at equilibrium. The thermodynamically predicted chromite was observed to form only at the interface where 316 SS was in contact with Zircaloy-4 at 250 °C, showing that contact with Zircaloy-4 seems to accelerate the 316 SS corrosion to thermodynamic equilibrium. In conclusion, Mont Terri groundwater readily trends towards thermodynamic equilibrium, leading to a pH and redox buffered system that is dominated by iron in solution coming from the accelerated corrosion of 316 SS caused by Zircaloy-4 contact. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Nuclear Materials is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2026.156516
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Stainless steel
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nuclear fuel claddings
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Radioactive waste canisters
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Corrosion & anti-corrosives
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electrolytic corrosion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chromite
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phase equilibrium
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Groundwater
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Corrosion of 316 SS in direct contact with Zircaloy-4 in repository relevant conditions.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Nguyen, Steven
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            NameFull: Weber, Juliane
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            NameFull: Zhang, Maximilian
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            NameFull: Caporuscio, Florie
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            NameFull: Migdissov, Artaches
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            NameFull: Rock, Marlena
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            NameFull: Finkeldei, Sarah
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            – D: 15
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 00223115
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              Value: 627
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Nuclear Materials
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