Disruption-resilient multi-echelon supply chains: a model integrating carbon emissions and social welfare investments.

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Title: Disruption-resilient multi-echelon supply chains: a model integrating carbon emissions and social welfare investments.
Authors: Mashud, Abu Hashan Md1,2 (AUTHOR) a.mashud@unsw.edu.au, Chakrabortty, Ripon K.2 (AUTHOR), Hussain, Omar K.3 (AUTHOR)
Source: International Journal of Production Research. Apr2026, Vol. 64 Issue 8, p3135-3158. 24p.
Subjects: Carbon emissions, Supply chain disruptions, Ethical investments, Mathematical models, Supply chains, Sustainability, Supply chain management
Abstract: In today's complex, multi-echelon supply chain (SC) management landscape, the timely production and delivery of goods while upholding environmental sustainability and adhering to delivery schedules is a critical priority. Supply chain disruptions, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the 2022 floods in Australia, pose significant challenges to the transportation sector and production processes. These events underscore the need for resiliency in SC design. Our model tackles these challenges using a mathematical framework that captures production disruptions, imperfections, and carbon emissions. The proposed model captures complexities, such as adjusting production speed and shipments under sequential disruptions, while maintaining delivery commitments. Manufacturers adjust production speeds to match third party logistics (3PL) schedules amid disruption variability, while 3PLs adapt shipment quantities to retailer demand during transportation disruptions, helping reduce carbon emissions. The supply chain allocates resources toward social welfare investments to offset environmental impacts from operations. This not only mitigates the societal impacts but also enables firms to benefit from tax rebates as incentives for environmental responsibility (without social investment, total integrated profit decreases by 1.292% ( $ N = 1, {N_t} = 4 $ N = 1 , N t = 4)). Our approach jointly addresses production and transportation disruptions previously studied in isolation, providing strategic insights for enhancing SC resilience, fulfilling customer demand, and achieving sustainability objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Production Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Disruption-resilient multi-echelon supply chains: a model integrating carbon emissions and social welfare investments.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Production+Research%22">International Journal of Production Research</searchLink>. Apr2026, Vol. 64 Issue 8, p3135-3158. 24p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+emissions%22">Carbon emissions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Supply+chain+disruptions%22">Supply chain disruptions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ethical+investments%22">Ethical investments</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mathematical+models%22">Mathematical models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Supply+chains%22">Supply chains</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sustainability%22">Sustainability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Supply+chain+management%22">Supply chain management</searchLink>
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  Data: In today's complex, multi-echelon supply chain (SC) management landscape, the timely production and delivery of goods while upholding environmental sustainability and adhering to delivery schedules is a critical priority. Supply chain disruptions, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the 2022 floods in Australia, pose significant challenges to the transportation sector and production processes. These events underscore the need for resiliency in SC design. Our model tackles these challenges using a mathematical framework that captures production disruptions, imperfections, and carbon emissions. The proposed model captures complexities, such as adjusting production speed and shipments under sequential disruptions, while maintaining delivery commitments. Manufacturers adjust production speeds to match third party logistics (3PL) schedules amid disruption variability, while 3PLs adapt shipment quantities to retailer demand during transportation disruptions, helping reduce carbon emissions. The supply chain allocates resources toward social welfare investments to offset environmental impacts from operations. This not only mitigates the societal impacts but also enables firms to benefit from tax rebates as incentives for environmental responsibility (without social investment, total integrated profit decreases by 1.292% ( $ N = 1, {N_t} = 4 $ N = 1 , N t = 4)). Our approach jointly addresses production and transportation disruptions previously studied in isolation, providing strategic insights for enhancing SC resilience, fulfilling customer demand, and achieving sustainability objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Production Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1080/00207543.2025.2591847
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Supply chain disruptions
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      – SubjectFull: Ethical investments
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      – SubjectFull: Mathematical models
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      – SubjectFull: Supply chains
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      – SubjectFull: Supply chain management
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      – TitleFull: Disruption-resilient multi-echelon supply chains: a model integrating carbon emissions and social welfare investments.
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              Text: Apr2026
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              Y: 2026
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