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Surface alignment, critical current transitions, dimensionality and thermal behaviour of a (Bi,Pb)-2223 ceramic superconductor.

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Title: Surface alignment, critical current transitions, dimensionality and thermal behaviour of a (Bi,Pb)-2223 ceramic superconductor.
Authors: Harabor, Ana1 (AUTHOR), Harabor, Novac Adrian1,2 (AUTHOR) adrian.harabor@yahoo.com, Rotaru, Petre1 (AUTHOR), Marconi, Daniel3 (AUTHOR), Iacobescu, Gabriela-Eugenia1 (AUTHOR), Rotaru, Andrei1,4,5 (AUTHOR) andrei.rotaru@icf.ro
Source: Ceramics International. Apr2026:Part B, Vol. 52 Issue 10, p15150-15162. 13p.
Subjects: Superconductors, Critical currents, Differential scanning calorimetry, Magnetic susceptibility, Thermal stability, Sintering, Phase transitions, Grain orientation (Materials)
Abstract: A single phase (Bi,Pb)-2223 superconductor (reference sample) was obtained in nitrogen atmosphere from the off-stoichiometric precursor Bi 1.8 Pb 0.3 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3.3 O y (initially synthesized at 800 °C for 38 h) by following a complex sintering procedure at various temperatures ranging between 830 and 847 °C, for a total time of 600 h. The effects of processing conditions on its microstructure and superconductor properties were investigated. The partial alignment of crystallites with the c-axis along the pressure forces, used to pelletize the samples, was evidenced both, by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. The intergranular critical current densities, J c , calculated from the imaginary part of AC magnetic susceptibility, are dependent on temperature, AC magnetic field intensity, and on the pelleting pressure, respectively. A transition from thermally-activated flux flow (TAFF) to thermally-activated phase slip (TAPS) is detected in the J c (T) plots, shifting with 5 K from 83.49 K to higher temperatures when the pelleting pressure increases from 100 MPa to 200 MPa. Additional sintering for 20 h at 845 °C, followed by furnace cooling and interrupted by an isothermal step of 5 h inserted either at 826 °C or else at 727 °C, led to changes in superconducting properties. The coherence length and the coupling strength, calculated from 3D–2D dimensionality transition in paraconductivity, increased for the two obtained samples, compared to reference sample. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis revealed a relatively stable phase up to 868.5 °C, followed by a strong endothermic effect, indicating melting and decomposition. The D2 diffusion mechanism, derived from non-isothermal linear data by using thermogravimetric (TG) measurements, was found for temperature range 826–727 ° C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Ceramics International is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Surface alignment, critical current transitions, dimensionality and thermal behaviour of a (Bi,Pb)-2223 ceramic superconductor.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Ceramics+International%22">Ceramics International</searchLink>. Apr2026:Part B, Vol. 52 Issue 10, p15150-15162. 13p.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: A single phase (Bi,Pb)-2223 superconductor (reference sample) was obtained in nitrogen atmosphere from the off-stoichiometric precursor Bi 1.8 Pb 0.3 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3.3 O y (initially synthesized at 800 °C for 38 h) by following a complex sintering procedure at various temperatures ranging between 830 and 847 °C, for a total time of 600 h. The effects of processing conditions on its microstructure and superconductor properties were investigated. The partial alignment of crystallites with the c-axis along the pressure forces, used to pelletize the samples, was evidenced both, by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. The intergranular critical current densities, J c , calculated from the imaginary part of AC magnetic susceptibility, are dependent on temperature, AC magnetic field intensity, and on the pelleting pressure, respectively. A transition from thermally-activated flux flow (TAFF) to thermally-activated phase slip (TAPS) is detected in the J c (T) plots, shifting with 5 K from 83.49 K to higher temperatures when the pelleting pressure increases from 100 MPa to 200 MPa. Additional sintering for 20 h at 845 °C, followed by furnace cooling and interrupted by an isothermal step of 5 h inserted either at 826 °C or else at 727 °C, led to changes in superconducting properties. The coherence length and the coupling strength, calculated from 3D–2D dimensionality transition in paraconductivity, increased for the two obtained samples, compared to reference sample. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis revealed a relatively stable phase up to 868.5 °C, followed by a strong endothermic effect, indicating melting and decomposition. The D2 diffusion mechanism, derived from non-isothermal linear data by using thermogravimetric (TG) measurements, was found for temperature range 826–727 ° C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Ceramics International is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.07.073
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 15150
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Superconductors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Critical currents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Differential scanning calorimetry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetic susceptibility
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      – SubjectFull: Thermal stability
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      – SubjectFull: Sintering
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phase transitions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Grain orientation (Materials)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Surface alignment, critical current transitions, dimensionality and thermal behaviour of a (Bi,Pb)-2223 ceramic superconductor.
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            NameFull: Harabor, Ana
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              M: 04
              Text: Apr2026:Part B
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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