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Lead-free KNN-based ceramics for electrocaloric and pyroelectric applications.

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Title: Lead-free KNN-based ceramics for electrocaloric and pyroelectric applications.
Authors: Chaliha, Chiranjit1 (AUTHOR) chiranjitchaliha969@gmail.com, Singh, Haobam Samananda1 (AUTHOR), Kumar, Parveen2 (AUTHOR), Maisnam, Mamata1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Ceramics International. Apr2026:Part B, Vol. 52 Issue 10, p14706-14722. 17p.
Subjects: Lead-free ceramics, Pyroelectricity, Energy harvesting, Dielectric properties, Ferroelectricity, Refrigeration & refrigerating machinery
Abstract: Lead-free, multifunctional ceramics with excellent electrocaloric and pyroelectric performance at low electric fields are required for long-term solid-state cooling and energy harvesting applications. This work created (1-x) K 0.47 Na 0.47 Li 0.06 Nb 0.98 Ta 0.02 O 3 + (x) Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 ZrO 3 ceramics using a two-step low-temperature method to reduce alkali volatilization and increase densification. The Rietveld refinement verified a dominating tetragonal P4mm phase with a minor P4/mbm phase, whereas electron density mapping indicated significant B-site-O hybridization and lattice deformation. The ceramics had diffuse phase dielectric behavior with a suppressed dielectric orthorhombic-tetragonal transition, and AC conductivity showed oxygen-vacancy-mediated hopping with a temperature-dependent shift from NSPT to CBH conduction. The ideal composition (x = 0.05) resulted in better ferroelectric characteristics (P r = 5.76 μC/cm2, P max = 9.20 μC/cm2), a maximum electrocaloric response (ΔT = 0.39 K, ΔT/ΔE = 1.30 × 10−7 Km/V), pyroelectric coefficient (p = 993∗10−4C·m−2·K−1), and maximum figure of merit FOMs F i , F v , F e , and F∗ e at only 30 kV/cm. These findings show that BNZ-modified KNLNT ceramics are attractive lead-free alternatives for low-field electric cooling refrigeration and pyroelectric applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Ceramics International is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Lead-free KNN-based ceramics for electrocaloric and pyroelectric applications.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chaliha%2C+Chiranjit%22">Chaliha, Chiranjit</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> chiranjitchaliha969@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Singh%2C+Haobam+Samananda%22">Singh, Haobam Samananda</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kumar%2C+Parveen%22">Kumar, Parveen</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maisnam%2C+Mamata%22">Maisnam, Mamata</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Ceramics+International%22">Ceramics International</searchLink>. Apr2026:Part B, Vol. 52 Issue 10, p14706-14722. 17p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lead-free+ceramics%22">Lead-free ceramics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pyroelectricity%22">Pyroelectricity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+harvesting%22">Energy harvesting</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dielectric+properties%22">Dielectric properties</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ferroelectricity%22">Ferroelectricity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Refrigeration+%26+refrigerating+machinery%22">Refrigeration & refrigerating machinery</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Lead-free, multifunctional ceramics with excellent electrocaloric and pyroelectric performance at low electric fields are required for long-term solid-state cooling and energy harvesting applications. This work created (1-x) K 0.47 Na 0.47 Li 0.06 Nb 0.98 Ta 0.02 O 3 + (x) Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 ZrO 3 ceramics using a two-step low-temperature method to reduce alkali volatilization and increase densification. The Rietveld refinement verified a dominating tetragonal P4mm phase with a minor P4/mbm phase, whereas electron density mapping indicated significant B-site-O hybridization and lattice deformation. The ceramics had diffuse phase dielectric behavior with a suppressed dielectric orthorhombic-tetragonal transition, and AC conductivity showed oxygen-vacancy-mediated hopping with a temperature-dependent shift from NSPT to CBH conduction. The ideal composition (x = 0.05) resulted in better ferroelectric characteristics (P r = 5.76 μC/cm2, P max = 9.20 μC/cm2), a maximum electrocaloric response (ΔT = 0.39 K, ΔT/ΔE = 1.30 × 10−7 Km/V), pyroelectric coefficient (p = 993∗10−4C·m−2·K−1), and maximum figure of merit FOMs F i , F v , F e , and F∗ e at only 30 kV/cm. These findings show that BNZ-modified KNLNT ceramics are attractive lead-free alternatives for low-field electric cooling refrigeration and pyroelectric applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Ceramics International is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.107
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Pyroelectricity
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      – SubjectFull: Energy harvesting
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      – SubjectFull: Dielectric properties
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      – SubjectFull: Ferroelectricity
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      – SubjectFull: Refrigeration & refrigerating machinery
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      – TitleFull: Lead-free KNN-based ceramics for electrocaloric and pyroelectric applications.
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            NameFull: Chaliha, Chiranjit
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            NameFull: Singh, Haobam Samananda
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            NameFull: Kumar, Parveen
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              Text: Apr2026:Part B
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              Y: 2026
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